$$ \frac{10.0}{10.0 + 100.0} \times 100 = 9.09\% $$

$$ \Delta T_b = K_b \times m \times i $$

$$ \text{Rate} = k[A]^m[B]^n $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the term 'solution' in chemistry?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances where the solute is uniformly distributed within the solvent.

Question 2

Which intermolecular force is most important in determining the solubility of sodium chloride (NaCl) in water?

Accepted Answer

Ion-dipole interactions

Question 3

A solution is prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of NaCl in 100.0 g of water. What is the mass percent of NaCl in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{10.0}{10.0 + 100.0} 	imes 100 = 9.09\% $$

Question 4

Which statement best explains why you should not drink seawater?

Accepted Answer

Seawater is a hypertonic solution, causing dehydration due to osmosis.

Question 5

Which of the following correctly ranks the solubility of gases in water as temperature increases?

Accepted Answer

Solubility decreases as temperature increases.

Question 6

A solution is saturated with respect to a solute. What will happen if more solute is added?

Accepted Answer

The added solute will not dissolve and will remain as a solid.

Question 7

Which equation is used to calculate the solubility of a gas in a liquid at a given pressure?

Accepted Answer

$$ C = k_P 	imes P_{gas} $$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the effect of adding a nonvolatile solute to a solvent on its vapor pressure?

Accepted Answer

The vapor pressure of the solvent decreases.

Question 9

A solution contains 0.5 mol of NaCl and 1.0 mol of water. What is the mole fraction of NaCl?

Accepted Answer

$$ \frac{0.5}{0.5 + 1.0} = 0.333 $$

Question 10

Which property is NOT a colligative property?

Accepted Answer

Density

Question 11

What is the van't Hoff factor ($$i) $$for Na$$_2SO$_4 in $$water?

Accepted Answer

$$ i = 3 $$

Question 12

Which equation correctly relates the change in boiling point to the molality of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$ \Delta T_b = K_b 	imes m 	imes i $$

Question 13

Which statement best describes the effect of a catalyst on a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A catalyst lowers the activation energy, increasing the reaction rate.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct general rate law for a reaction $$ aA + bB \rightarrow cC $$?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Rate} = k[A]^m[B]^n $$

Question 15

For a first-order reaction, which equation gives the relationship between concentration and time?

Accepted Answer

$$ [A]_t = [A]_0 e$$^{-kt}$$ $$

Question 16

Which statement about the Arrhenius equation is correct?

Accepted Answer

It shows that the rate constant increases exponentially as activation energy decreases.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about the collision theory of chemical kinetics?

Accepted Answer

Reactants must collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation to react.

Question 18

A reaction has a half-life of 10 minutes and follows first-order kinetics. What is the rate constant $$k$$?

Accepted Answer

$$ k = \frac{0.693}{10\ 	ext{min}} = 0.0693\ 	ext{min}^{-1} $$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes an elementary step in a reaction mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A single molecular event that cannot be broken down into simpler steps.

Study Guide: Solutions, Colligative Properties, and Chemical Kinetics

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