Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why ionic compounds, such as NaCl, have high melting points?

Accepted Answer

Because the ions in the lattice are held together by strong electrostatic attractions that require a large amount of energy to break.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the difference between a cation and an anion?

Accepted Answer

A cation is a positively charged ion formed by losing electrons, while an anion is a negatively charged ion formed by gaining electrons.

Question 3

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar despite having polar bonds?

Accepted Answer

CO$$_2$$

Question 4

According to VSEPR theory, what is the electron domain geometry and bond angle for a molecule with three electron domains around the central atom?

Accepted Answer

Trigonal planar, $$120^	ext{o}$$

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why graphite is a good conductor of electricity?

Accepted Answer

Graphite contains delocalized electrons that can move freely between layers.

Question 6

Which intermolecular force is responsible for the unusually high boiling point of water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding

Question 7

What is the correct Lewis structure for the ammonia molecule (NH$$_3$$)?

Accepted Answer

N with three single bonds to H and one lone pair of electrons on N

Question 8

Which of the following statements about metallic bonding is correct?

Accepted Answer

Metallic bonding involves a 'sea' of delocalized electrons that move freely among metal nuclei.

Question 9

Which molecule has a bent molecular geometry and a bond angle of approximately $$104.5^	ext{o}$$?

Accepted Answer

H$$_2O$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the trend in electronegativity across the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity increases across a period and up a group.

Question 11

Which of the following molecules would you expect to have the strongest London (dispersion) forces?

Accepted Answer

I$$_2$$

Question 12

Which statement correctly describes the difference between electron domain geometry and molecular geometry?

Accepted Answer

Electron domain geometry considers both bonding and non-bonding pairs, while molecular geometry considers only the positions of atoms (bonding pairs).

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds are brittle?

Accepted Answer

Stress brings ions of the same charge into close proximity, causing repulsion and cleavage along planes.

Question 14

Which of the following molecules has a trigonal planar geometry?

Accepted Answer

BF$$_3$$

Question 15

Which of the following is true about the bond lengths in covalent molecules?

Accepted Answer

Triple bonds are shorter than double bonds, which are shorter than single bonds.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct application of the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

Cl gains one electron to achieve the electron configuration of Ar.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonding is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding requires hydrogen to be bonded to a highly electronegative atom such as F, O, or N.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the structure of diamond?

Accepted Answer

Each carbon atom is bonded to four other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement, forming a 3D network.

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the conductivity of ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water due to free-moving ions.

Question 20

Which of the following molecules has a molecular geometry described as trigonal pyramidal?

Accepted Answer

NH$$_3$$

Unit 3: Chemical Bonding & Structure – Study Notes

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