Question 1

Which statement best describes the difference between sigma ($$\sigma) $$and pi ($$\pi) $$bonds?

Accepted Answer

Sigma bonds result from head-to-head overlap of orbitals with cylindrical symmetry about the internuclear axis, while pi bonds result from side-to-side overlap with electron density above and below the axis.

Question 2

What is the hybridization of the central atom in $$\mathrm{SF_6$}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$sp^3d^2$

Question 3

In the molecule acetylene ($$\mathrm{C_2H_2}$$), what is the hybridization of each carbon atom?

Accepted Answer

$$sp$$

Question 4

Which of the following molecules or ions exhibits delocalized $$\pi$$ bonding?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{SO_3$^{2-}}$$

Question 5

How many $$\sigma$$ and $$\pi$$ bonds are present in the formaldehyde ($$\mathrm{H_2CO}) $$molecule?

Accepted Answer

3 $$\sigma$$ bonds and 1 $$\pi$$ bond

Question 6

Which hybridization corresponds to a trigonal bipyramidal electron-domain geometry?

Accepted Answer

$$sp^3d$

Question 7

What is the bond angle expected around the central atom in $$\mathrm{NH_4$^+}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$109.5^\circ$$

Question 8

In benzene ($$\mathrm{C_6H_6}$$), the $$\pi$$ electrons are:

Accepted Answer

Delocalized over all six carbon atoms

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why beryllium in $$\mathrm{$$BeF_2$$}$$ can form two bonds despite having filled $$2s$$ orbitals?

Accepted Answer

Beryllium promotes an electron and hybridizes its $$2s$$ and $$2p$$ orbitals to form two $$sp$$ hybrid orbitals.

Question 10

In the nitrate ion ($$\mathrm{NO_3$^-}$$), what is the nature of the $$\pi$$ bonds?

Accepted Answer

The $$\pi$$ bonds are delocalized over all three oxygen atoms.

Question 11

Which hybridization is associated with a molecule that has a tetrahedral geometry?

Accepted Answer

$$sp^3$$

Question 12

How many $$\pi$$ bonds are present in the molecule acetonitrile ($$\mathrm{CH_3CN}$$)?

Accepted Answer

2

Question 13

Which of the following molecules contains only $$\sigma$$ bonds?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NH_4$^+}$$

Question 14

What is the hybridization of the central atom in $$\mathrm{SO_3$^{2-}}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$sp^3$$

Question 15

Which statement about multiple bonds is correct?

Accepted Answer

A triple bond consists of one $$\sigma$$ bond and two $$\pi$$ bonds.

Question 16

In $$\mathrm{SF_4$}$$, what is the hybridization of the central sulfur atom?

Accepted Answer

$$sp^3d$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the electron density in a $$\pi$$ bond?

Accepted Answer

It is distributed above and below the internuclear axis.

Question 18

Which molecule has a central atom with $$sp^2$$ hybridization?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{BF_3$}$$

Question 19

What is the total number of $$\sigma$$ and $$\pi$$ bonds in the acetonitrile ($$\mathrm{CH_3CN}) $$molecule?

Accepted Answer

5 $$\sigma$$ and 2 $$\pi$$ bonds

Valence Bond Theory, Hybridization, and Bond Types (Chapter 7 Study Notes)

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