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Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서Brown 14th EditionCh.12 - Solids and Modern Materials문제 44
12장, 문제 44

For each of the following alloy compositions, indicate whether you would expect it to be a substitutional alloy, an interstitial alloy, or an intermetallic compound: (a) Cu₀.₆₆Zn₀.₃₄ (b) Ag₃Sn (c) Ti₀.₉₉O₀.₀₁.

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Step 1: Understand the types of alloys. Substitutional alloys occur when atoms of the solute metal replace atoms of the solvent metal in the lattice. Interstitial alloys form when smaller atoms fit into the spaces (interstices) between the larger metal atoms. Intermetallic compounds are distinct compounds with specific stoichiometry and crystal structures.
Step 2: Analyze composition (a) Cu₀.₆₆Zn₀.₃₄. Copper and zinc are both metals with similar atomic sizes and crystal structures, which suggests that they can form a substitutional alloy, such as brass.
Step 3: Analyze composition (b) Ag₃Sn. Silver and tin form a compound with a specific stoichiometry, indicating that this is likely an intermetallic compound, characterized by a distinct crystal structure.
Step 4: Analyze composition (c) Ti₀.₉₉O₀.₀₁. Titanium is a metal, and oxygen is a non-metal. The small amount of oxygen suggests it fits into the interstices of the titanium lattice, indicating an interstitial alloy.
Step 5: Summarize the findings. Based on the analysis, (a) is a substitutional alloy, (b) is an intermetallic compound, and (c) is an interstitial alloy.

주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Substitutional Alloys

Substitutional alloys are formed when atoms of one metal replace or substitute for atoms of another metal in the crystal lattice. This typically occurs when the two metals have similar atomic sizes and bonding characteristics. An example is brass, which is primarily composed of copper and zinc, where zinc atoms substitute for some copper atoms.
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가이드 코스
01:08
Alcohol Reactions: Substitution Reactions

Interstitial Alloys

Interstitial alloys are created when smaller atoms fit into the spaces (interstices) between the larger metal atoms in a crystal lattice. This type of alloy often involves a significant difference in atomic size, such as carbon in iron to form steel. The presence of smaller atoms can enhance the strength and hardness of the alloy.

Intermetallic Compounds

Intermetallic compounds are distinct phases formed between two or more metals that have a specific stoichiometric ratio and unique properties. Unlike substitutional or interstitial alloys, intermetallics often exhibit ordered structures and can have different physical and chemical properties than the constituent metals. An example is silver-tin (Ag₃Sn), which is used in dental applications.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:11
Ionic Compounds Naming
관련 실천
교과서 질문

Indicate whether each statement is true or false: (c) Nonmetallic elements are never found in alloys.

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교과서 질문

Determine if each statement is true or false: (a) Substitutional alloys are solid solutions, but interstitial alloys are heterogenous alloys. (c) The atomic radii of the atoms in a substitutional alloy are similar to each other, but in an interstitial alloy, the interstitial atoms are a lot smaller than the host lattice atoms.

교과서 질문

For each of the following alloy compositions, indicate whether you would expect it to be a substitutional alloy, an interstitial alloy, or an intermetallic compound: (a) Fe0.97Si0.03 (b) Fe0.60Ni0.40 (c) SmCo5.

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교과서 질문

Determine if each statement is true or false: (b) Substitutional alloys have 'solute' atoms that replace 'solvent' atoms in a lattice, but interstitial alloys have 'solute' atoms that are in between the 'solvent' atoms in a lattice.

695
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