Look up the diameter of a silicon atom, in Å. The latest semiconductor chips have fabricated lines as small as 14 nm. How many silicon atoms does this correspond to?

Name: Chemistry: The Central Science
Author: Brown
ISBN: 9780134414232

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Step 1: Look up the diameter of a silicon atom, which is approximately 2.7 Å (angstroms).

Step 2: Convert the diameter from angstroms to nanometers. Recall that 1 Å = 0.1 nm.

Step 3: Calculate the number of silicon atoms that fit into 14 nm by dividing 14 nm by the diameter of a silicon atom in nanometers.

Step 4: Set up the division: Number of silicon atoms = 14 nm / (diameter of silicon atom in nm).

Step 5: Perform the division to find the number of silicon atoms that correspond to the 14 nm line.

주요 개념

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Atomic Diameter

The atomic diameter refers to the size of an atom, typically measured in angstroms (Å), where 1 Å equals 10^-10 meters. For silicon, the atomic diameter is approximately 2.3 Å. Understanding atomic size is crucial for calculating how many atoms fit into a given length, such as the 14 nm line width in semiconductor technology.

Nanometers to Angstroms Conversion

Nanometers (nm) and angstroms (Å) are both units of length used in the field of chemistry and materials science. One nanometer equals 10 Å, which means that to convert nanometers to angstroms, you multiply the number of nanometers by 10. This conversion is essential for accurately determining the number of silicon atoms that fit into a specified length in angstroms.

Molecular Counting

Molecular counting involves determining the number of individual atoms or molecules in a given length or volume. In this context, once the diameter of a silicon atom is known and converted to the same unit as the line width (in Å), dividing the total length (in Å) by the atomic diameter allows for calculating how many silicon atoms can fit within that length. This concept is fundamental in nanotechnology and semiconductor fabrication.