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Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding
Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 14th Edition
Brown14th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780134414232당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서Brown 14th EditionCh.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding문제 23a
8장, 문제 23a

The substances NaF and CaO are isoelectronic (have the same number of valence electrons). (a) What are the charges on each of the cations in each compound?

검증된 단계별 안내
1
Identify the ions present in NaF and CaO. NaF consists of Na^+ and F^- ions, while CaO consists of Ca^2+ and O^2- ions.
Determine the electron configuration of each ion. Na^+ has the same electron configuration as Ne, and F^- also has the same electron configuration as Ne. Similarly, Ca^2+ has the same electron configuration as Ar, and O^2- also has the same electron configuration as Ar.
Recognize that isoelectronic species have the same number of electrons. Na^+ and F^- are isoelectronic with Ne, and Ca^2+ and O^2- are isoelectronic with Ar.
Identify the charges on the cations. In NaF, the cation is Na^+ with a charge of +1. In CaO, the cation is Ca^2+ with a charge of +2.
Conclude that the charges on the cations are +1 for Na^+ in NaF and +2 for Ca^2+ in CaO.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Isoelectronic Species

Isoelectronic species are atoms, ions, or molecules that have the same number of electrons. In the case of NaF and CaO, both compounds contain ions that achieve a stable electron configuration similar to noble gases, which is crucial for understanding their chemical behavior and bonding.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
03:03
Amphoteric Species

Cation Formation and Charge

Cations are positively charged ions formed when an atom loses one or more electrons. The charge of a cation is determined by the number of electrons lost; for example, sodium (Na) loses one electron to form Na⁺, while calcium (Ca) loses two electrons to form Ca²⁺. Understanding this helps in determining the charges of the cations in NaF and CaO.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:34
Enthalpy of Formation

Ionic Compounds and Charge Balance

Ionic compounds are formed from the electrostatic attraction between cations and anions, which must balance to create a neutral compound. In NaF, Na⁺ pairs with F⁻, while in CaO, Ca²⁺ pairs with O²⁻. Recognizing how these charges balance is essential for identifying the charges on the cations in each compound.
추천 영상:
가이드 코스
02:11
Ionic Compounds Naming
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교과서 질문

NaCl and KF have the same crystal structure. The only difference between the two is the distance that separates cations and anions. (a) The lattice energies of NaCl and KF are given in Table 8.1. Based on the lattice energies, would you expect the Na─Cl or the K─F distance to be longer?

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교과서 질문

NaCl and KF have the same crystal structure. The only difference between the two is the distance that separates cations and anions. (b) Use the ionic radii given in Figure 7.8 to estimate the Na─Cl and K─F distances.

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교과서 질문

(c) Would you expect salts like NaCl, which have singly charged ions, to have larger or smaller lattice energies compared to salts like CaO which are composed of doubly-charged ions?

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교과서 질문

The substances NaF and CaO are isoelectronic (have the same number of valence electrons). (b) What are the charges of each of the anions in each compound?

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교과서 질문

The substances NaF and CaO are isoelectronic (have the same number of valence electrons). (c) Without looking up lattice energies, which compound is predicted to have the larger lattice energy?

교과서 질문

The substances NaF and CaO are isoelectronic (have the same number of valence electrons). (d) Using the lattice energies in Table 8.1, predict the lattice energy of ScN.

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