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Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry
McMurry - Chemistry 8th Edition
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145당신이 사용하는 게 아니라요?교과서 변경
모든 교과서McMurry 8th EditionCh.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry문제 21.94
21장, 문제 21.94

Draw the structure of all isomers of the octahedral complex [NbX2Cl4]- (X- = NCS-), and identify those that are linkage isomers.

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Identify the coordination number and geometry of the complex. The complex [NbX_2Cl_4]^- has a coordination number of 6, which corresponds to an octahedral geometry.
Determine the possible positions for the ligands in the octahedral complex. In an octahedral complex, there are six positions around the central metal ion.
Consider the different ways to arrange the ligands. For [NbX_2Cl_4]^-, you can have the X ligands (NCS^-) and Cl ligands in different positions, leading to different isomers.
Draw the possible geometric isomers. In an octahedral complex, you can have cis and trans isomers depending on the relative positions of the same ligands.
Identify linkage isomers. Linkage isomers occur when a ligand can bind through different atoms. For NCS^-, it can bind through N (nitrogen) or S (sulfur), leading to different linkage isomers.

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주요 개념

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Octahedral Complexes

Octahedral complexes are coordination compounds where a central metal atom is surrounded by six ligands arranged at the corners of an octahedron. The geometry and spatial arrangement of these ligands can lead to different isomers, including geometric and optical isomers, which are crucial for understanding the properties and reactivity of the complex.
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For octahedral complexes, Weak-Field Ligands create High-spin complexes and Strong-Field Ligands create Low-spin complexes.

Isomerism in Coordination Compounds

Isomerism in coordination compounds refers to the existence of compounds with the same formula but different arrangements of atoms or ligands. In octahedral complexes, isomers can be classified into structural isomers, such as linkage isomers, where ligands can bind to the metal in different ways, affecting the compound's properties and reactivity.
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Isomerism in Coordination Complexes Example

Linkage Isomers

Linkage isomers occur when a ligand can coordinate to the metal center through different atoms. For example, in the case of the thiocyanate ion (NCS-), it can bind through the nitrogen or the sulfur atom, leading to distinct isomers. Identifying these isomers is essential for understanding the chemical behavior and potential applications of the complex.
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02:16
Isomers
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What is the name of the compound [Fe(H2O)5(SCN)]Cl2? 

(a) pentaaquathiocyanatoiron(III) chloride 

(b) pentaaquachlorothiocyanato iron(III) 

(c) pentaaquathiocyanatoiron(III) dichloride

(d) pentaaquathiocyanatoiron(II) chloride

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Look at the colors of the isomeric complexes in Figure 21.12, and predict which is the stronger field ligand, nitro (-NO2) of nitrito (-ONO). Explain. 

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What is the systematic name for each of the following coordination compounds? 

(c) [Co(NH3)4Br2]Br

(d) Cu(gly)2

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There are two possible [M(OH)4]- complexes of first-series transition metals that have three unpaired electrons.

(a) What are the oxidation state and the identity of M in these complexes?

(b) Using orbital diagrams, give a valence bond description of the bonding in each complex.

(c) Based on common oxidation states of first-series transition metals (Figure 21.6), which [M(OH)4]- complex is more likely to exist? 

<QUESTION REFERENCES FIGURE 21.6>-

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Classify the following ligands as monodentate, bidentate, tri-dentate, or tetradentate. Which can form chelate rings?

(a)  

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

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