How many grams of the dry-cleaning solvent 1,2-dichloroethane (also called ethylene chloride), C₂H₄Cl₂, can be prepared by reaction of 15.4 g of ethylene, C₂H₄, with 3.74 g of Cl₂?

검증된 단계별 안내

Identify the balanced chemical equation for the reaction: \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_4 + \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{Cl}_2 \).

Calculate the molar mass of each reactant: \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_4 \) and \( \text{Cl}_2 \).

Convert the given masses of \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_4 \) and \( \text{Cl}_2 \) to moles using their respective molar masses.

Determine the limiting reactant by comparing the mole ratio of \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_4 \) to \( \text{Cl}_2 \) with the stoichiometry of the balanced equation.

Calculate the theoretical yield in grams of \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{Cl}_2 \) using the moles of the limiting reactant and the molar mass of \( \text{C}_2\text{H}_4\text{Cl}_2 \).

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on the balanced chemical equation. It allows us to determine the amount of product formed from given quantities of reactants. In this case, we need to use stoichiometry to relate the masses of ethylene and chlorine to the mass of 1,2-dichloroethane produced.

Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is essential for converting between the mass of a substance and the number of moles, which is necessary for stoichiometric calculations. For this problem, we will need to calculate the molar masses of ethylene, chlorine, and 1,2-dichloroethane to find the mass of the product.

Limiting Reactant

The limiting reactant is the substance that is completely consumed first in a chemical reaction, thus determining the maximum amount of product that can be formed. Identifying the limiting reactant is crucial for accurate stoichiometric calculations. In this scenario, we will need to determine whether ethylene or chlorine is the limiting reactant to find out how much 1,2-dichloroethane can be produced.

How many grams of the dry-cleaning solvent 1,2-dichloroethane (also called ethylene chloride), C2H4Cl2, can be prepared by reaction of 15.4 g of ethylene, C2H4, with 3.74 g of Cl2?