A chemist wants to make 3.00 L of a 0.250 M NaNO₃ solution. What mass of NaNO₃ (in g) should the chemist use?

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Determine the molarity formula: Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. The formula is M = \(\frac{n}{V}\), where n is the number of moles and V is the volume in liters.

Rearrange the formula to solve for the number of moles of NaNO_3 needed: n = M \(\times\) V.

Substitute the given values into the equation: M = 0.250 \(\text{ M}\) and V = 3.00 \(\text{ L}\). Calculate the number of moles of NaNO_3 required.

Use the molar mass of NaNO_3 to convert moles to grams. The molar mass of NaNO_3 is approximately 85.00 \(\text{ g/mol}\).

Multiply the number of moles by the molar mass to find the mass of NaNO_3 needed in grams.

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주요 개념

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Molarity (M)

Molarity is a measure of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is expressed in moles per liter (mol/L). In this question, the desired molarity of the NaNO3 solution is 0.250 M, indicating that there are 0.250 moles of NaNO3 in every liter of the solution.

Moles and Mass Relationship

The relationship between moles and mass is governed by the formula: mass = moles × molar mass. To find the mass of NaNO3 needed, the chemist must first calculate the total number of moles required for the 3.00 L solution and then multiply that by the molar mass of NaNO3, which is approximately 85.00 g/mol.

Dilution and Solution Preparation

Preparing a solution involves accurately measuring and mixing a solute with a solvent to achieve a desired concentration. In this case, the chemist needs to ensure that the calculated mass of NaNO3 is properly dissolved in enough water to make a total volume of 3.00 L, ensuring the final concentration is 0.250 M.

A chemist wants to make 3.00 L of a 0.250 M NaNO3 solution. What mass of NaNO3 (in g) should the chemist use?