Q: Which equation would you use to calculate the probability of obtaining a specific genotype in a trihybrid cross (AaBbCc x AaBbCc)?

$$P = P_A \times P_B \times P_C$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes Mendel’s Law of Segregation?

Accepted Answer

Each organism inherits two alleles for each gene, and these alleles segregate randomly into gametes, so each gamete receives only one allele.

Question 2

In Mendel’s monohybrid cross between true-breeding round (RR) and wrinkled (rr) pea seeds, what is the expected genotype ratio in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$1:2:1 (RR$$:Rr:rr)

Question 3

A plant with genotype SsYy is self-fertilized. According to Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment, what fraction of the F2 progeny will have the genotype ssyy?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{16}$$

Question 4

Which of the following is a real-world example of a continuously variable trait, as opposed to a Mendelian trait?

Accepted Answer

Human height

Question 5

If a plant with the dominant phenotype (round seeds) is crossed with a plant with the recessive phenotype (wrinkled seeds), and the progeny show a 1:1 ratio of round to wrinkled seeds, what is the genotype of the dominant parent?

Accepted Answer

Heterozygous (Rr)

Question 6

In a dihybrid cross (SsYy x SsYy), what is the expected phenotypic ratio among the F2 progeny?

Accepted Answer

$$9:3:3:1$$

Question 7

Which of the following statements about Mendel’s experiments is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Mendel used garden peas because they could be easily cross-fertilized and self-fertilized.

Question 8

A testcross is performed between a plant with an unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive plant. If all offspring display the dominant phenotype, what is the genotype of the unknown plant?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous dominant

Question 9

Which equation would you use to calculate the probability of obtaining a specific genotype in a trihybrid cross (AaBbCc x AaBbCc)?

Accepted Answer

$$P = P_A 	imes P_B 	imes P_C$$

Question 10

In Mendel’s F3 generation, what proportion of round-seeded F2 plants were true-breeding for the round phenotype?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{3}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why Mendel’s results were important for Darwin’s theory of evolution?

Accepted Answer

Mendel’s results provided a mechanism for genetic variation, which is essential for natural selection.

Question 12

If a plant with genotype Aa is self-fertilized, what is the probability that an offspring will be homozygous recessive?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{4}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a reason Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments?

Accepted Answer

Pea plants have many continuously variable traits.

Question 14

A population of corn is produced by crossing a yellow kernel (WW) with a white kernel (ww). If the F1 generation is self-fertilized, what is the expected ratio of yellow to white kernels in the F2 generation?

Accepted Answer

$$3:1$$

Question 15

Which statistical test is used to determine whether the observed results of a genetic cross differ significantly from the expected results?

Accepted Answer

Chi-square test

Question 16

In a trihybrid cross (AaBbCc x AaBbCc), what is the probability of obtaining an offspring with genotype aabbcc?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{64}$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype is the genetic makeup, while phenotype is the observable trait.

Question 18

If two heterozygous pea plants (Aa) are crossed, what fraction of their offspring will be heterozygous?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{1}{2}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is a key feature of Mendel’s experimental approach that contributed to the reliability of his results?

Accepted Answer

He counted everything and used real numbers.

Mendelian Genetics: Principles of Heredity and Transmission

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