Question 1

Which of the following best describes an Arrhenius acid?

Accepted Answer

A substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct name for HNO₂?

Accepted Answer

Nitrous acid

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the dissociation of NaOH in water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NaOH}(s) \xrightarrow{H_2O} \mathrm{Na}^+(aq) + \mathrm{OH}^-(aq)$$

Question 4

Which of the following statements about strong acids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Strong acids have weak conjugate bases.

Question 5

A solution has $$[OH^-] = 2.5 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$~M. $$What is the $$[H_3O^+] at 25$$°C?

Accepted Answer

$$4.0 	imes 10$$^{-10}$$~M$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a conjugate acid–base pair?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NH_3$}$$ and $$\mathrm{NH_4$^+}$$

Question 7

Which of the following best describes a buffer solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Question 8

What is the pH of a solution with $$[H_3O^+] = 3.2 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$~M$$?

Accepted Answer

pH = 3.49

Question 9

Which of the following reactions is a neutralization reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl}(aq) + \mathrm{NaOH}(aq) \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl}(aq) + \mathrm{H_2O}(l)$$

Question 10

A buffer is made by mixing acetic acid ($$\mathrm{HC_2H_3O_2}) $$and sodium acetate ($$\mathrm{NaC_2H_3O_2}). $$What happens if a small amount of HCl is added?

Accepted Answer

The acetate ion reacts with the added HCl, minimizing the pH change.

Question 11

Which of the following is TRUE about the relationship between acid strength and conjugate base strength?

Accepted Answer

The stronger the acid, the weaker its conjugate base.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct expression for the acid dissociation constant ($$K_a) $$for the weak acid $$\mathrm{$$HNO_2$$} in $$water?

Accepted Answer

$$K_a = \frac{[H_3O^+][NO_2$^-]}{[$$HNO_2$$]}$$

Question 13

A solution has a pH of 9.2. Which of the following best describes the solution?

Accepted Answer

Basic

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of an amphoteric substance?

Accepted Answer

H2O

Question 15

If 25.0 mL of 0.150 M NaOH is required to neutralize 50.0 mL of HCl, what is the molarity of the HCl solution?

Accepted Answer

0.0750 M

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why citrus fruits taste sour?

Accepted Answer

They contain acids that produce H+ in water.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for the water dissociation constant ($$K_w$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$K_w = [H_3O^+][OH^-]$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of a buffer in human blood?

Accepted Answer

It keeps the blood pH constant by neutralizing small amounts of acid or base.

Acids and Bases: Properties, Reactions, and Calculations

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