Question 1

According to Dalton’s Atomic Theory, which statement is correct about atoms of a given element?

Accepted Answer

Atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties.

Question 2

Which subatomic particle is responsible for the chemical identity of an element?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Question 3

An atom has 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons. What is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number = 17, Mass number = 35

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the location and charge of electrons in an atom?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are found outside the nucleus and have a negative charge.

Question 5

A neutral atom of magnesium has an atomic number of 12. How many electrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

12

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the mass of subatomic particles is correct?

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons have nearly the same mass, while electrons have much less mass.

Question 7

Which group on the periodic table contains elements that are soft, highly reactive metals?

Accepted Answer

Alkali metals

Question 8

What is the charge of an ion formed when a neutral atom loses two electrons?

Accepted Answer

$$2+$$

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why elements in the same group (family) of the periodic table have similar chemical properties?

Accepted Answer

They have the same number of valence electrons.

Question 10

A sample of an unknown element is a shiny, malleable solid and conducts electricity well. Based on these properties, to which class of elements does it most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

Metals

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about the periodic law as proposed by Mendeleev?

Accepted Answer

The properties of elements repeat periodically when arranged by increasing atomic mass.

Question 12

Which of the following elements is most likely to form a negatively charged ion (anion) in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Chlorine (Cl)

Question 13

A certain atom has 15 protons, 16 neutrons, and 18 electrons. What is the net charge of this atom?

Accepted Answer

$$3-$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between metals, nonmetals, and metalloids?

Accepted Answer

Metals are good conductors, nonmetals are poor conductors, and metalloids have intermediate conductivity.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the nucleus of an atom is correct?

Accepted Answer

The nucleus contains most of the atom's mass.

Question 16

If an atom has an atomic number of 8 and a mass number of 18, how many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

10

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why noble gases are unreactive?

Accepted Answer

They have a full outer shell of electrons.

Question 18

A hospital uses a radioactive isotope of iodine (I-131) for thyroid imaging. Which group/family does iodine belong to on the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

Halogens

Question 19

Which of the following is a property of metalloids that makes them useful in the electronics industry?

Accepted Answer

They have intermediate electrical conductivity that can be controlled.

Question 20

A patient is diagnosed with anemia due to a deficiency of an element that is a transition metal. Which of the following elements is most likely deficient?

Accepted Answer

Iron (Fe)

Atoms and Elements: Structure, Properties, and the Periodic Table

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