Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

It releases energy to the surroundings and has a negative $$\Delta G$$ value.

Question 2

A reaction has $$\Delta G = -45\ \mathrm{kJ/mol}. $$What can you predict about the spontaneity of this reaction under standard conditions?

Accepted Answer

The reaction is spontaneous because $$\Delta G is $$negative.

Question 3

Which of the following changes will increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Adding a catalyst.

Question 4

A calorimeter is used to measure which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The energy change (heat) during a chemical reaction.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

They act as biological catalysts to speed up reactions.

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$2\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 2\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \mathrm{O}_2$$

Question 7

Which of the following reactions is a combustion reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6\ \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 8

In the reaction $$\mathrm{Zn} + \mathrm{Cu}^{2+} \rightarrow \mathrm{Zn}^{2+} + \mathrm{Cu}$$, which substance is oxidized?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Zn}$$

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the complete combustion of propane ($$\mathrm{C}_3\mathrm{H}_8$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_3\mathrm{H}_8 + 5\ \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 3\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 4\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a condensation reaction in organic chemistry?

Accepted Answer

A reaction in which two molecules combine to form a larger molecule with the loss of a small molecule such as water.

Question 11

Which of the following is the product of the hydration of ethene ($$\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_4$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_5\mathrm{OH} ($$ethanol)

Question 12

Which of the following statements about reversible and irreversible reactions is correct?

Accepted Answer

Reversible reactions can reach equilibrium, where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.

Question 13

In an organic oxidation-reduction reaction, which of the following changes typically indicates oxidation?

Accepted Answer

An increase in the number of C–O bonds.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction in which a molecule is split into two smaller molecules by the addition of water.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why increasing temperature generally increases the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

It increases the number of effective collisions between reactant molecules.

Question 16

Which of the following is the product of the hydrogenation of 1-butene ($$\mathrm{CH}_2=CHCH_2CH_3$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH}_3CH_2CH_2CH_3 ($$butane)

Question 17

A student burns a 5.0 g sample of a food in a calorimeter and measures a temperature increase in the water. Which calculation would give the energy content of the food in $$\mathrm{kJ}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$q = m 	imes c 	imes \Delta T$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$2\ \mathrm{H}_2 + \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 2\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 19

Which of the following is true about catalysts?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy of a reaction.

Chapter 5 Study Guide: Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Chemical Reactions in GOB Chemistry

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