Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why sodium forms a $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ ion and not a $$\mathrm{Na$$^{2+}$$}$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

Sodium has one valence electron, and losing it results in a stable noble gas electron configuration.

Question 2

What is the correct formula for the ionic compound formed between aluminum and oxygen?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Al_2O_3}$$

Question 3

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with argon ($$\mathrm{Ar}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$

Question 4

A patient is given a medication containing magnesium sulfate ($$\mathrm{$$MgSO_4$$}). $$What type of compound is this and what ions are present?

Accepted Answer

Ionic compound; $$\mathrm{Mg$$^{2+}$$}$$ and $$\mathrm{SO_4$^{2-}}$$ ions

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the difference in size between a sodium atom and a sodium ion ($$\mathrm{Na^+}$$)?

Accepted Answer

The sodium ion is smaller because it has lost an electron and has fewer energy levels.

Question 6

What is the name of the compound $$\mathrm{Fe_2O_3}$$?

Accepted Answer

Iron(III) oxide

Question 7

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$

Question 8

What is the correct Lewis structure for ammonia ($$\mathrm{NH_3$}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen with three single bonds to hydrogen and one lone pair on nitrogen.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the bonding in $$\mathrm{O_2$}$$?

Accepted Answer

A double bond between two oxygen atoms.

Question 10

Which of the following compounds contains a polyatomic ion?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$KNO_3$$}$$

Question 11

What is the molecular geometry of methane ($$\mathrm{CH_4$}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Tetrahedral

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why water ($$\mathrm{H_2O}) $$has a bent molecular shape?

Accepted Answer

There are two bonding pairs and two lone pairs on the oxygen atom, causing repulsion.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about electronegativity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract shared electrons in a bond.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the type of bonding and the type of elements involved in $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonding between two nonmetals

Question 15

Which of the following intermolecular forces is the strongest?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonding

Question 16

A sample of $$\mathrm{HF} ($$hydrogen fluoride) has a much higher boiling point than $$\mathrm{HCl} ($$hydrogen chloride). What is the primary reason for this difference?

Accepted Answer

HF forms hydrogen bonds, which are stronger than the dipole-dipole forces in HCl.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the electron configuration of a chloride ion ($$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^22s^22$p^63s^23$p^6$$

Question 18

Which of the following compounds is most likely to have the highest melting point?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NaCl}$$

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the polarity of $$\mathrm{CH_4$} ($$methane)?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar, because the molecule is symmetrical and the dipoles cancel.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{N_2O_5}$$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen pentoxide

Chapter 6: Ionic and Molecular Compounds – Study Notes

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