$$\text{Mass Percent} = \frac{\text{mass of solute (g)}}{\text{mass of solution (g)}} \times 100\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes a solution?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances where the solute is evenly distributed and cannot be separated by filtration.

Question 2

Which equation correctly represents the calculation of mass percent (m/m) for a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Mass Percent} = \frac{	ext{mass of solute (g)}}{	ext{mass of solution (g)}} 	imes 100\%$$

Question 3

A 0.500 L solution contains 6.00 g of NaOH. What is the molarity of the solution? (Molar mass of NaOH = 40.0 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$0.300\,	ext{M}$$

Question 4

Which of the following is a strong electrolyte when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

NaCl

Question 5

Which of the following statements about 'like dissolves like' is correct?

Accepted Answer

Polar solvents dissolve polar solutes and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes.

Question 6

How many grams of KCl are needed to prepare 125 mL of a 0.720 M KCl solution? (Molar mass of KCl = 74.6 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$6.71\,	ext{g}$$

Question 7

Which type of mixture can be separated by filtration, as shown in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

Suspension

Question 8

What happens to red blood cells when placed in a hypotonic solution?

Accepted Answer

They swell and may burst due to water entering the cell.

Question 9

Which equation is used to relate the concentrations and volumes in a dilution?

Accepted Answer

$$M_1V_1 = M_2V_2$$

Question 10

According to Henry’s law, what happens to the solubility of a gas in a liquid as the pressure of the gas above the liquid increases?

Accepted Answer

The solubility increases.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a colloid?

Accepted Answer

Whipped cream

Question 12

What is the effect of adding a strong electrolyte to water on its freezing and boiling points?

Accepted Answer

Freezing point decreases, boiling point increases.

Question 13

Which solution is isotonic to red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

0.9% (m/v) NaCl

Question 14

A semipermeable membrane separates a 10% starch solution from a 5% starch solution. What happens initially?

Accepted Answer

Water flows from the 5% solution to the 10% solution.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about nonelectrolytes in water?

Accepted Answer

They dissolve as molecules and do not conduct electricity.

Question 16

What is the molarity of a solution prepared by diluting 0.180 L of 0.600 M HNO3 to a final volume of 0.540 L?

Accepted Answer

$$0.200\,	ext{M}$$

Question 17

Which of the following salts is insoluble in water according to solubility rules?

Accepted Answer

PbCl2

Question 18

What is the effect of temperature on the solubility of most solids in water?

Accepted Answer

Solubility increases as temperature increases.

Question 19

Which property distinguishes a suspension from a colloid and a solution?

Accepted Answer

Particles can be separated by filtration.

Question 20

In hemodialysis, what passes through the artificial membrane?

Accepted Answer

Solvent and small solute particles such as urea.

Chapter 9: Solutions – Fundamentals of Chemistry Study Guide

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