Q: A nurse needs to prepare 100 mL of a 0.9% (m/v) NaCl solution for an IV. How many grams of NaCl are required?

$$0.9\% = \frac{g\ NaCl}{100\ mL} \times 100\%$$; $$g\ NaCl = 0.9\ g$$

Q: A solution is prepared by diluting 50.0 mL of 6.0 M HCl to a final volume of 300.0 mL. What is the final concentration?

$$M_1V_1 = M_2V_2$$; $$M_2$$ = \frac{6.0\ M \times 50.0\ mL}{300.0\ mL} = 1.0\ M$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a colloid, based on its particle size and behavior in light?

Accepted Answer

Particles are between 2.0 and 500 nm and the mixture is often murky or opaque to light.

Question 2

A solution is prepared by dissolving 10.0 g of NaCl in enough water to make 250 mL of solution. What is the molarity of the solution? (Molar mass of NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{10.0\ g}{58.44\ g/mol} = 0.171\ mol$$; $$\frac{0.171\ mol}{0.250\ L} = 0.684\ M$$

Question 3

Which of the following mixtures is a homogeneous solution?

Accepted Answer

Salt water

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the effect of temperature on solubility is correct?

Accepted Answer

The solubility of most solids increases with increasing temperature.

Question 5

A nurse needs to prepare 100 mL of a 0.9% (m/v) NaCl solution for an IV. How many grams of NaCl are required?

Accepted Answer

$$0.9\% = \frac{g\ NaCl}{100\ mL} 	imes 100\%$$; $$g\ NaCl = 0.9\ g$$

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why NaCl dissolves in water but not in gasoline?

Accepted Answer

Water is polar and can stabilize the ions from NaCl through ion-dipole interactions.

Question 7

Which of the following is a strong electrolyte when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

Sodium chloride, $$NaCl$$

Question 8

A solution is prepared by diluting 50.0 mL of 6.0 M HCl to a final volume of 300.0 mL. What is the final concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$M_1V_1 = M_2V_2$$; $$M_2$$ = \frac{6.0\ M 	imes 50.0\ mL}{300.0\ mL} = 1.0\ M$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes what happens to red blood cells placed in a hypertonic solution?

Accepted Answer

Water flows out of the cells, causing them to shrink (crenation).

Question 10

Which of the following equations correctly represents the dissolution of $$MgCl_2 in $$water?

Accepted Answer

$$MgCl_2 (s$$) \rightarrow $$Mg^{2+} (aq$$) + $$2Cl^{-} (aq$$)$$

Question 11

Which of the following solutions will have the highest boiling point, assuming equal concentrations?

Accepted Answer

0.1 M $$Al(C_2H_3O_2)_3$$

Question 12

A sample of air contains 21% $$O_2$$ and 78% $$N_2 by $$volume. In this solution, which is the solvent?

Accepted Answer

$$N_2$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Solvent particles move from low to high solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct step in preparing a 0.100 M solution of $$CuSO_4$$ using solid $$CuSO_4$$ and a 250-mL volumetric flask?

Accepted Answer

Weigh out 3.99 g $$CuSO_4$$, dissolve in some water, transfer to flask, and fill to the mark with water.

Question 15

Which of the following is a property of a solution but NOT of a colloid?

Accepted Answer

Transparent to light and does not separate on standing.

Question 16

A 5.0% (v/v) solution of ethanol in water is prepared. If you need 200 mL of this solution, how much ethanol should you use?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{5.0\% 	imes 200\ mL}{100\%} = 10\ mL$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a supersaturated solution?

Accepted Answer

Contains more than the maximum possible solute at a given temperature.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct chemical equation for the dissolution of acetic acid ($$CH_3COOH) in $$water, showing it as a weak electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

$$CH_3COOH (aq) \rightleftharpoons H^+ (aq) + CH_3COO^- (aq)$$

Chapter 9: Solutions – Properties, Preparation, and Behavior

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