Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating molarity?

$$\text{Molarity (M)} = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{liters of solution}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a colloid, based on its particle size and behavior in light?

Accepted Answer

Particles are between 2 and 500 nm, often murky or opaque to light, and do not separate on standing.

Question 2

A solution is prepared by dissolving 23 g of potassium iodide (KI) in 350 mL of water. What is the molarity of the solution? (Molar mass of KI = 166.00 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

$$0.40\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 3

Which of the following mixtures is classified as a homogeneous mixture?

Accepted Answer

Salt water

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the effect of temperature on solubility is correct?

Accepted Answer

The solubility of most solids increases with increasing temperature.

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why NaCl dissolves in water but not in hexane ($$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{14}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Water is polar and can stabilize the ions formed from NaCl, while hexane is nonpolar and cannot.

Question 6

A solution is made by mixing 60.0 mL of ethyl alcohol and 30.0 mL of methyl alcohol. Which is the solvent?

Accepted Answer

Ethyl alcohol

Question 7

Which of the following is a correct equation for the dissolution of Fe$$_2(SO$_4$$)$$_3 in $$water?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Fe}_2(\mathrm{SO}_4)_3 (s) \rightarrow 2\ \mathrm{Fe}^{3+} (aq) + 3\ \mathrm{SO}_4$$^{2-}$$ (aq)$$

Question 8

Which of the following solutions will have the highest boiling point, assuming equal concentrations?

Accepted Answer

$$0.1\ \mathrm{M}\ \mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_3\mathrm{O}_2)_3$$

Question 9

A nurse must prepare 75 mL of a 5.0% (v/v) methyl alcohol solution. How many milliliters of methyl alcohol are needed?

Accepted Answer

$$3.8\ \mathrm{mL}$$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes what happens to red blood cells placed in a hypertonic solution?

Accepted Answer

They shrink in size (crenation).

Question 11

Which of the following is a strong electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

Fe$$_2(SO$_4$$)$$_3$$

Question 12

What is the final volume if you dilute 200.0 mL of 0.500 M NaOH to a final concentration of 0.100 M?

Accepted Answer

$$1000\ \mathrm{mL}$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the process of osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Solvent molecules move from an area of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating molarity?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Molarity (M)} = \frac{	ext{moles of solute}}{	ext{liters of solution}}$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a real-life example of freezing point depression?

Accepted Answer

Adding salt to ice on winter roads to prevent freezing.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a supersaturated solution?

Accepted Answer

Contains more than the maximum possible solute at a given temperature.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a colligative property?

Accepted Answer

Color change of the solution

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the preparation of a 0.100 M solution of copper sulfate from solid CuSO$$_4$$ using a 250-mL volumetric flask?

Accepted Answer

Weigh out 3.99 g CuSO$$_4$$, add to flask, dissolve in DI water, fill to the mark, and mix thoroughly.

Chapter 9: Solutions – Structure, Properties, and Calculations

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