Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between a physical and a chemical change? Consider the melting of ice and the rusting of iron.

Accepted Answer

Melting ice is a physical change because the chemical identity of water remains the same, while rusting iron is a chemical change because a new substance (iron oxide) is formed.

Question 2

A nurse needs to administer a medication at a dosage of $$5.0\ \mathrm{mg/kg} to a $$patient who weighs $$154\ \mathrm{lb}. $$How many milligrams of medication should the nurse give? (1 kg = 2.20 lb)

Accepted Answer

$$700\ \mathrm{mg}$$

Question 3

Which of the following elements is a transition metal?

Accepted Answer

Iron ($$Fe)$$

Question 4

A solution is prepared by dissolving $$10.0\ \mathrm{g} of $$NaCl in enough water to make $$250.0\ \mathrm{mL} of $$solution. What is the molarity of the solution? (Molar mass of NaCl = $$58.44\ \mathrm{g/mol})$$

Accepted Answer

$$0.684\ \mathrm{M}$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the movement of oxygen ($$O_2) $$from the alveoli into arterial blood in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen moves from the alveoli into arterial blood because the partial pressure of $$O_2 is $$higher in the alveoli than in the blood.

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct formula for the compound formed between magnesium and nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Mg}_2\mathrm{N}_3$$

Question 7

A sample of gas occupies $$2.50\ \mathrm{L} at$$ $$1.00\ \mathrm{atm}$$ and $$25^\circ\mathrm{C}. If $$the temperature is increased to $$50^\circ\mathrm{C} at $$constant pressure, what will be the new volume? (Use Charles' Law)

Accepted Answer

$$2.71\ \mathrm{L}$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about acids and bases is correct?

Accepted Answer

Acids produce $$\mathrm{H}^+$$ ions in water, while bases produce $$\mathrm{OH}^-$$ ions.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct balanced equation for the complete combustion of propane ($$\mathrm{C}_3\mathrm{H}_8$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_3\mathrm{H}_8 + 5\ \mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 3\ \mathrm{CO}_2 + 4\ \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 10

A patient receives an intravenous solution containing $$0.9\%$$ NaCl (normal saline). What term best describes this solution relative to the contents of red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic

Question 11

Which of the following functional groups is present in all amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid and amino

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why proteins denature when exposed to high temperatures?

Accepted Answer

High temperatures disrupt hydrogen bonds and other interactions responsible for secondary and tertiary structure.

Question 13

A $$500.0\ \mathrm{mL}$$ solution contains $$20.0\ \mathrm{g} of $$glucose ($$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6). $$What is the mass/volume percent of glucose in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$2.5\%$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a property of gases explained by the kinetic molecular theory?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles are in constant, random motion and fill their container.

Question 15

Which of the following molecules is chiral?

Accepted Answer

2-Butanol ($$\mathrm{CH}_3\mathrm{CH}(OH)\mathrm{CH}_2\mathrm{CH}_3)$$

Question 16

A buffer solution is important in the blood because:

Accepted Answer

It minimizes changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the effect of a hypotonic solution on red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells swell and may burst because water enters the cell.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{N}_2\mathrm{O}_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen tetroxide

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the effect of temperature on the solubility of gases in water?

Accepted Answer

The solubility of gases in water decreases as temperature increases.

CHEM 1123 Survey of General, Organic, and Biochemistry: Syllabus and Unit Study Guide

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