Question 1

Which of the following best describes an enantiomer?

Accepted Answer

A molecule that is a mirror image of another but not superimposable

Question 2

Which of the following is the correct definition of an exothermic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that releases heat to the surroundings

Question 3

Which equation correctly relates Gibbs free energy ($$\Delta G$$), enthalpy ($$\Delta H$$), and entropy ($$\Delta S) at $$temperature $$T$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta G = \Delta H - T \Delta S$$

Question 4

A patient is given a solution containing glucose and fructose. Which test could be used to distinguish between these two monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Use Fehling's solution; both will give a positive result because both are reducing sugars.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the hydrolysis of sucrose is correct?

Accepted Answer

Hydrolysis of sucrose produces glucose and fructose.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a property of a chiral center in organic molecules?

Accepted Answer

It is always found in aromatic compounds.

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the process of condensation in organic chemistry?

Accepted Answer

Two molecules combine to form a larger molecule with the loss of a small molecule such as water.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct order of increasing sweetness among the following sugars: glucose, fructose, sucrose?

Accepted Answer

Glucose \u003c Sucrose \u003c Fructose

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct statement about the oxidation of an alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes and then to carboxylic acids.

Question 10

Which of the following polysaccharides is the main storage form of glucose in animals?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Question 11

A reaction has $$\Delta H = -100 kJ $$and $$\Delta S = -200 J/K. At $$what temperature (in K) does the reaction become non-spontaneous?

Accepted Answer

At temperatures above $$500 K$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a structural isomer of pentane?

Accepted Answer

2-methylbutane

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

It lowers the activation energy, increasing the rate of reaction.

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the difference between amylose and cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Amylose has $$\alpha-1$$,4 glycosidic bonds, while cellulose has $$\beta-1$$,4 glycosidic bonds.

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct product of the complete oxidation of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between aldoses and ketoses?

Accepted Answer

Aldoses have an aldehyde group; ketoses have a ketone group.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the mutarotation of glucose?

Accepted Answer

It is the change in optical rotation due to the interconversion between $$\alpha$$ and $$\beta$$ anomers.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct definition of activation energy?

Accepted Answer

The minimum energy required for a reaction to occur

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement about the difference between maltose and sucrose?

Accepted Answer

Maltose is a disaccharide of two glucose units; sucrose is a disaccharide of glucose and fructose.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct equation for the combustion of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$)?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6 O_2$ \rightarrow 6 CO_2$ + 6 H_2O$$

CHEM 1150 Exam 3 Study Guide: Organic Compounds, Thermodynamics, and Carbohydrates

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