Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the octet rule and its application to main group elements?

Accepted Answer

The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a total of eight valence electrons, similar to the noble gases.

Question 2

Which of the following ions is isoelectronic with neon ($$\mathrm{Ne}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{F^-}$$

Question 3

A patient is given a medication containing the polyatomic ion sulfate. What is the correct formula and charge for the sulfate ion?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{SO_4$^{2-}}$$

Question 4

Which of the following compounds is named correctly according to ionic compound naming rules?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$FeCl_2$$}$$: Iron(II) chloride

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why sodium forms a $$+1$$ ion and chlorine forms a $$-1$$ ion in sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl}$$)?

Accepted Answer

Sodium loses one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration, while chlorine gains one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration.

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for carbon dioxide ($$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$)?

Accepted Answer

O=C=O, with each oxygen atom having two lone pairs

Question 7

Which of the following molecules has a trigonal pyramidal geometry according to VSEPR theory?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NH_3$}$$

Question 8

A solution is tested and found to contain $$\mathrm{OH^-}$$ ions. According to the definitions in Chapter 3, this solution is:

Accepted Answer

A base

Question 9

Which of the following statements about electronegativity is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity increases from left to right across a period and decreases down a group.

Question 10

Which of the following compounds contains both ionic and covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$NaNO_3$$}$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a coordinate covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond in which both electrons in the shared pair come from the same atom.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{P_2O_5}$$?

Accepted Answer

Diphosphorus pentoxide

Question 13

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar, despite having polar bonds?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$

Question 14

A patient is diagnosed with hypochloremia (low chloride ion concentration). What is the correct formula for the chloride ion?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why $$\mathrm{MgO}$$ has a higher melting point than $$\mathrm{NaCl}$$?

Accepted Answer

The charges on $$\mathrm{Mg$$^{2+}$$}$$ and $$\mathrm{O$$^{2-}$$}$$ are greater than those on $$\mathrm{Na^+}$$ and $$\mathrm{Cl^-}$$, resulting in stronger ionic attractions.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for ammonium phosphate?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{(NH_4$)_3PO_4}$$

Question 17

Which of the following molecules has a bond angle closest to $$109.5^\circ$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH_4$}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between an ionic and a molecular compound?

Accepted Answer

Ionic compounds are formed from metals and nonmetals, while molecular compounds are formed from only nonmetals.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{Cu(NO_3$)_2}$$?

Accepted Answer

Copper(II) nitrate

Question 20

A molecule has the following Lewis structure: central atom with two single bonds and two lone pairs. What is the molecular geometry and approximate bond angle?

Accepted Answer

Bent, $$104.5^\circ$$

Chemistry 1110: Ionic and Molecular Compounds (Chapters 3–4) Study Notes

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