$$\text{Glucose-6-phosphate} \rightarrow \text{Glucose} + \text{Pi}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is the main product of the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway?

Accepted Answer

NADPH

Question 2

Which glycolysis reaction is bypassed in gluconeogenesis by the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Glucose-6-phosphate} ightarrow 	ext{Glucose} + 	ext{Pi}$$

Question 3

Which of the following lipids is both a sphingolipid and a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

Sphingomyelin

Question 4

What are the products of saponification of a triglyceride?

Accepted Answer

Glycerol and three fatty acid salts

Question 5

Which type of transport across the cell membrane requires energy input from ATP hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 6

Which lipoprotein is primarily responsible for transporting cholesterol from tissues back to the liver?

Accepted Answer

High-density lipoprotein (HDL)

Question 7

During one cycle of beta oxidation, which of the following is produced?

Accepted Answer

One acetyl-CoA, one FADH$$_2$$, and one NADH

Question 8

If a saturated fatty acid with 16 carbons (palmitic acid) undergoes complete beta oxidation, how many acetyl-CoA molecules are produced?

Accepted Answer

8

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the difference between fatty acid synthesis and beta oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cytosol and uses NADPH; beta oxidation occurs in the mitochondria and produces NADH and FADH$$_2$$

Question 10

Given the DNA informational strand 5'-ATG CCG TAA-3', what is the sequence of the mRNA produced during transcription?

Accepted Answer

5'-AUG CCG UAA-3'

Question 11

Which of the following mutations would result in a premature stop codon in the mRNA sequence?

Accepted Answer

Nonsense mutation

Question 12

Which step in the urea cycle occurs in the mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Formation of carbamoyl phosphate

Question 13

In a transamination reaction, which molecule typically acts as the amino group acceptor?

Accepted Answer

$$\alpha-$$ketoglutarate

Question 14

Which of the following is a nonessential amino acid in humans?

Accepted Answer

Alanine

Question 15

What is the fate of the carbon skeleton of an amino acid after deamination?

Accepted Answer

It can be converted to glucose, ketone bodies, or enter the citric acid cycle

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the process of translation?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of a polypeptide chain from an mRNA template

Question 17

Which of the following is a product of the oxidative deamination of glutamate?

Accepted Answer

$$\alpha-$$ketoglutarate and NH$$_3$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a glycolipid that contains a single sugar residue?

Accepted Answer

Cerebroside

Question 19

Which of the following is a main function of NADPH produced in the pentose phosphate pathway?

Accepted Answer

Reductive biosynthesis reactions, such as fatty acid synthesis

Comprehensive Study Guide: Biochemical Pathways, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, and Amino Acid Metabolism

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