Q: A nurse needs to prepare 250 mL of a 0.45% (m/v) NaCl solution for a patient. How many grams of NaCl are required?

$$0.45\% = \frac{\text{mass of NaCl}}{250\,\text{mL}} \times 100$$ $$\text{mass of NaCl} = \frac{0.45 \times 250}{100} = 1.125\,\text{g}$$

Q: What is the pH of a solution with $$[H_3O^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$\,\text{M}$$?

$$\text{pH} = -\log(1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$) = 4$$

Q: A 50 mM NaCl solution is diluted by mixing 15.0 mL of it with 45.0 mL of water. What is the new concentration?

$$C_1$$ $$V_1$$ = $$C_2$$ $$V_2$$ $$50\,\text{mM} \times 15.0\,\text{mL} = C_2$ \times 60.0\,\text{mL}$$ $$C_2$$ = \frac{50 \times 15}{60} = 12.5\,\text{mM}$$

Q: Which of the following is a correct dissociation equation for NaCl in water?

$$\text{NaCl} \rightarrow \text{Na}^+ + \text{Cl}^-$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a solution?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances where the solute is uniformly distributed within the solvent.

Question 2

A nurse needs to prepare 250 mL of a 0.45% (m/v) NaCl solution for a patient. How many grams of NaCl are required?

Accepted Answer

$$0.45\% = \frac{	ext{mass of NaCl}}{250\,	ext{mL}} 	imes 100$$ 
$$	ext{mass of NaCl} = \frac{0.45 	imes 250}{100} = 1.125\,	ext{g}$$

Question 3

Which of the following statements about colloids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Colloid particles are larger than solution particles but smaller than suspension particles.

Question 4

Red blood cells placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Accepted Answer

Shrink due to water leaving the cells by osmosis.

Question 5

Which equation represents the dilution of a solution?

Accepted Answer

$$M_1$$ $$V_1$$ = $$M_2$$ $$V_2$$

Question 6

Which of the following is a strong electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

NaCl (sodium chloride)

Question 7

What is the pH of a solution with $$[H_3O^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$\,	ext{M}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{pH} = -\log(1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$) = 4$$

Question 8

Which of the following pairs correctly identifies an acid and its conjugate base?

Accepted Answer

HCOOH and HCOO$$^-$$

Question 9

Which of the following substances is most soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3F$$, because it is polar and can hydrogen bond with water.

Question 10

Which statement best explains why 'like dissolves like'?

Accepted Answer

Polar solvents dissolve polar solutes due to similar intermolecular forces.

Question 11

A 50 mM NaCl solution is diluted by mixing 15.0 mL of it with 45.0 mL of water. What is the new concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_1$$ $$V_1$$ = $$C_2$$ $$V_2$$ 
$$50\,	ext{mM} 	imes 15.0\,	ext{mL} = C_2$ 	imes 60.0\,	ext{mL}$$ 
$$C_2$$ = \frac{50 	imes 15}{60} = 12.5\,	ext{mM}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct dissociation equation for NaCl in water?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{NaCl} ightarrow 	ext{Na}^+ + 	ext{Cl}^-$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a buffer?

Accepted Answer

A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Question 14

What happens when a strong acid is dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

It dissociates completely, producing a high concentration of $$H_3O^+$$ ions.

Question 15

Which of the following is a neutralization reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{HCl} + 	ext{NaOH} ightarrow 	ext{NaCl} + 	ext{H}_2	ext{O}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct formula for molarity?

Accepted Answer

$$M = \frac{	ext{moles of solute}}{	ext{liters of solution}}$$

Question 17

Which of the following hydrocarbons is unsaturated?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_2=CH$_2 ($$ethylene)

Question 18

Which of the following is a cis isomer?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_2=$$CHCH$$_3$$ with both substituents on the same side of the double bond.

Question 19

What are the products of the complete combustion of propane ($$	ext{C}_3	ext{H}_8$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{CO}_2$$ and $$	ext{H}_2	ext{O}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is an aromatic compound?

Accepted Answer

C$$_6H$_6 ($$benzene)

Comprehensive Study Guide: Solutions, Acids & Bases, and Hydrocarbons

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