Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating molarity ($$M$$)?

$$M = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{liters of solution}}$$

Question 1

Which type of nuclear radiation is most dangerous to ingest due to its high ionizing power and low penetration ability?

Accepted Answer

Alpha ($$\alpha) $$particles

Question 2

A patient receives a dose of 350 rad during a medical procedure. According to the study materials, what is the most likely health effect?

Accepted Answer

Radiation sickness

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the beta minus ($$\beta^-) $$decay of Carbon-14 ($$^{14}_{6}\mathrm{C}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$^{14}_{6}\mathrm{C} \$$rightarrow ^{14}$$_{7}\mathrm{N} $$+ ^{0}$$_{-1}\mathrm{e}$$

Question 4

A radioactive isotope has a half-life of 8 hours. If you start with 80 mg, how much remains after 24 hours?

Accepted Answer

10 mg

Question 5

Which of the following best describes a double replacement reaction?

Accepted Answer

Two compounds exchange ions to form two new compounds.

Question 6

How many moles are in 44 grams of $$\mathrm{CO}_2$$? (Molar mass of $$\mathrm{CO}_2 = 44\ \mathrm{g/mol})$$

Accepted Answer

1 mole

Question 7

Which of the following reactions is an example of a combustion reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH}_4 + 2\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_2 + 2\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 8

A sample of gas occupies 4.0 L at 1.0 atm and 300 K. What will be its volume at 2.0 atm and 300 K? (Assume ideal gas behavior.)

Accepted Answer

2.0 L

Question 9

Which law explains why a balloon shrinks when placed in a freezer?

Accepted Answer

Charles' Law

Question 10

A solution is made by dissolving 10 g of NaCl in enough water to make 200 mL of solution. What is the mass/volume percent ($$\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{v}\%) of $$NaCl?

Accepted Answer

$$5\%$$

Question 11

Which of the following best describes a colloid?

Accepted Answer

A mixture with particles that are intermediate in size and scatter light but do not settle out.

Question 12

Which solution is hypertonic relative to a red blood cell?

Accepted Answer

A solution with higher solute concentration than the cell

Question 13

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating molarity ($$M$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$M = \frac{	ext{moles of solute}}{	ext{liters of solution}}$$

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct balanced equation for the neutralization of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{HCl} + \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 15

What is the pH of a solution with $$[\mathrm{H}^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 16

Which of the following is a base according to the Arrhenius definition?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NaOH}$$

Question 17

Which process is responsible for the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a dilute solution to a concentrated one?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the difference between kinetic energy and heat energy in the context of gases?

Accepted Answer

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion of individual gas particles, while heat energy is the transfer of energy due to temperature difference.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct application of Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures?

Accepted Answer

The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas.

Question 20

When sodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid, which gas is produced as a result of the reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO}_2$$

Exam 2 Study Guide: Nuclear Chemistry, Stoichiometry, Gas Laws, Solutions, and Acids & Bases

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