Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear fission splits a heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei, while nuclear fusion combines light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus.

Question 2

A sample of iodine-131 ($$^{131}\mathrm{I}) $$has a half-life of 8 days. If you start with 80 mg, how much will remain after 24 days?

Accepted Answer

$$10\ \mathrm{mg}$$

Question 3

Which of the following nuclear equations correctly represents beta decay of carbon-14?

Accepted Answer

$$^{14}_{6}\mathrm{C} \$$rightarrow ^{14}$$_{7}\mathrm{N} $$+ ^{0}$$_{-1}\mathrm{e}$$

Question 4

Which type of radiation is most penetrating and requires thick lead shielding for protection?

Accepted Answer

Gamma ($$\gamma) $$radiation

Question 5

A hospital uses technetium-99m ($$^{99\mathrm{m}}\mathrm{Tc}) $$for imaging. If the half-life is 6 hours, what fraction of the original sample remains after 18 hours?

Accepted Answer

$$\dfrac{1}{8}$$

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct name for $$\mathrm{HNO}_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Nitric acid

Question 7

According to the Bronsted-Lowry definition, which of the following acts as a base in the reaction: $$\mathrm{NH}_3 + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{NH}_4^+ + \mathrm{OH}^-$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{NH}_3$$

Question 8

What is the pH of a solution with $$[\mathrm{H}^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$\ \mathrm{M}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$4$$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about buffers is correct?

Accepted Answer

A buffer is a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Question 10

A titration is performed by adding $$0.100\ \mathrm{M}$$ NaOH to $$25.0\ \mathrm{mL} of$$ $$0.100\ \mathrm{M}$$ HCl. What is the pH at the equivalence point?

Accepted Answer

$$7$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a property that distinguishes organic compounds from inorganic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Organic compounds always contain carbon-hydrogen bonds.

Question 12

What is the molecular formula for an alkane with 8 carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_8\mathrm{H}_{18}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure $$\mathrm{CH}_3\mathrm{CH}_2\mathrm{CH}_2\mathrm{CH}_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Butane

Question 14

Which of the following statements about cis-trans isomerism is correct?

Accepted Answer

Cis-trans isomerism occurs in alkenes due to restricted rotation around the double bond.

Question 15

Which reaction represents the addition of hydrogen to ethene ($$\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_4$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_4 + \mathrm{H}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{H}_6$$

Question 16

Which of the following compounds is aromatic?

Accepted Answer

Benzene ($$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_6)$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the products of the complete combustion of an alkane?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO}_2$$ and $$\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O}$$

Question 18

A solution has a pH of 2. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The solution is strongly acidic.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for the conjugate base of acetic acid ($$\mathrm{CH}_3\mathrm{COOH}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CH}_3\mathrm{COO}^-$$

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why alkanes are generally unreactive?

Accepted Answer

Alkanes have only single bonds, which are relatively strong and nonpolar.

Exam 3 Review: Nuclear Chemistry, Acids & Bases, and Introduction to Organic Chemistry

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