Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a component of a typical phospholipid found in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol

Question 2

Phospholipids are described as amphipathic molecules. What does 'amphipathic' mean in this context?

Accepted Answer

They contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions

Question 3

Which structural feature distinguishes lecithin from cephalin?

Accepted Answer

Lecithin contains a choline head group, while cephalin contains an ethanolamine or serine head group

Question 4

What is the backbone of a glycerophospholipid?

Accepted Answer

Glycerol

Question 5

Which of the following correctly describes the classification of glycerophospholipids?

Accepted Answer

By the type of head group attached to the phosphate

Question 6

A phospholipid molecule contains a phosphate group attached to which carbon of the glycerol backbone?

Accepted Answer

C3

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the fatty acid tails in phospholipids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acid tails can be either saturated or unsaturated

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why phospholipids form bilayers in aqueous environments?

Accepted Answer

Their amphipathic nature causes hydrophilic heads to face water and hydrophobic tails to avoid water

Question 9

A student is asked to draw a glycerophospholipid with lauric acid at C1, myristic acid at C2, and choline bonded to phosphate. Which of the following is the correct order of assembly?

Accepted Answer

Attach lauric acid to C1, myristic acid to C2, and choline to the phosphate group at C3

Question 10

Which of the following is the most abundant type of lipid in cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Glycerophospholipids

Question 11

Which of the following head groups is found in cephalin?

Accepted Answer

Ethanolamine or serine

Question 12

A lecithin molecule contains which of the following head groups?

Accepted Answer

Choline

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE about the structure of a glycerophospholipid?

Accepted Answer

It contains two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol backbone

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct formula for a phospholipid molecule?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Glycerol} + 2\ \mathrm{Fatty\ Acids} + \mathrm{Phosphate} + \mathrm{Head\ Group}$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about lecithin and cephalin is correct?

Accepted Answer

Lecithin contains choline, while cephalin contains ethanolamine or serine

Question 16

Which of the following would increase the fluidity of a phospholipid bilayer?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids

Question 17

A glycerophospholipid with palmitic acid at C1 and palmitoleic acid at C2 would have which type of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

One saturated and one unsaturated

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of phospholipids in biological membranes?

Accepted Answer

Forming the structural matrix of the membrane

Question 19

Which of the following steps is NOT required when drawing the structure of a glycerophospholipid?

Accepted Answer

Attaching a third fatty acid to C3

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the phosphate group in a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

It provides the hydrophilic region and allows attachment of various head groups

Glycerophospholipids: Structure, Classification, and Biological Role

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