Question 1

Which of the following is the correct general formula for a straight-chain alkane?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_n\mathrm{H}_{2n+2}$$

Question 2

What is the IUPAC name for the following structure?

$$\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$$

Accepted Answer

Butane

Question 3

Which of the following statements about alkanes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons containing only single bonds.

Question 4

A hydrocarbon with the molecular formula $$\mathrm{C}_4\mathrm{H}_{10}$$ can exist as two different compounds. What is the relationship between these two compounds?

Accepted Answer

They are structural (constitutional) isomers.

Question 5

What is the correct IUPAC name for the following structure?

$$\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{CH}_3)-\mathrm{CH}_3$$

Accepted Answer

2-Methylbutane

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct name for the alkyl group $$\mathrm{CH}_2\mathrm{CH}_2\mathrm{CH}_3$$?

Accepted Answer

Propyl

Question 7

A compound has the following structure:

$$\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$$

What is its molecular formula?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_5\mathrm{H}_{12}$$

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct step in naming a branched alkane according to IUPAC rules?

Accepted Answer

Number the carbon chain from the end nearest a substituent.

Question 9

What is the IUPAC name for the following structure?

$$\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{CH}_3)-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$$

Accepted Answer

2-Methylbutane

Question 10

Which of the following best describes an alkyl group?

Accepted Answer

An alkane with one hydrogen atom removed

Question 11

A molecule has the following structure:

$$\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$$

What is the IUPAC name for this compound?

Accepted Answer

Hexane

Question 12

Which of the following is a property of alkanes?

Accepted Answer

They are generally nonpolar and insoluble in water.

Question 13

What is the correct IUPAC name for the following structure?

$$\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{CH}_3)-\mathrm{CH}_3$$

Accepted Answer

3-Methylpentane

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct name for a molecule with the structure:

$$\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$$

Accepted Answer

Heptane

Question 15

A patient is exposed to a hydrocarbon with the formula $$\mathrm{C}_7\mathrm{H}_{16}. $$Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for the straight-chain version of this compound?

Accepted Answer

Heptane

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a constitutional (structural) isomer?

Accepted Answer

Butane and methylpropane

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for a molecule with two methyl groups on the third and fourth carbons of a pentane chain?

Accepted Answer

3,4-Dimethylpentane

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct name for the alkyl group $$\mathrm{CH}_3\mathrm{CH}_2\mathrm{CH}_2\mathrm{CH}_2-$$?

Accepted Answer

Butyl

Question 19

A molecule has the following structure:

$$\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$$

What is the molecular formula for this compound?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_8\mathrm{H}_{18}$$

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for a molecule with the following structure?

$$\mathrm{CH}_3-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}(\mathrm{CH}_3)-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_2-\mathrm{CH}_3$$

Accepted Answer

3-Methylhexane

Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Alkanes and Their Nomenclature

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