Q: Which of the following is the correct equation for the reduction of D-glucose to D-sorbitol?

$$\mathrm{D\text{-}Glucose + H_2$ \xrightarrow{Pt} D\text{-}Sorbitol}$$

Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why sucrose does NOT react with Benedict’s reagent?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose lacks a free anomeric carbon, so it cannot open to form an aldehyde group.

Question 2

What is the product when D-glucose is oxidized with Benedict’s solution?

Accepted Answer

D-gluconic acid

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the glycosidic bond in maltose?

Accepted Answer

α-1,4-glycosidic bond

Question 4

Which sugar alcohol is produced by the reduction of D-glucose?

Accepted Answer

D-sorbitol

Question 5

A patient’s urine tests positive for glucose using a test strip containing glucose oxidase and peroxidase. What does this indicate about the patient’s blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Blood glucose levels are so high that the kidneys cannot reabsorb all the glucose.

Question 6

Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Lactose

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the structure of cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Polymer of glucose with β-1,4-glycosidic bonds

Question 8

Why can humans not digest cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to break β-1,4-glycosidic bonds.

Question 9

Which artificial sweetener is made by replacing some hydroxyl groups in sucrose with chlorine atoms?

Accepted Answer

Sucralose

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of glycogen in animals?

Accepted Answer

It is a storage form of glucose in liver and muscle.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct equation for the reduction of D-glucose to D-sorbitol?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{D	ext{-}Glucose + H_2$ \xrightarrow{Pt} D	ext{-}Sorbitol}$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the composition of lactose?

Accepted Answer

Glucose + galactose

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct statement about the sweetness of sugars and sweeteners relative to sucrose?

Accepted Answer

Aspartame is much sweeter than sucrose.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of the glycosidic linkage in amylose?

Accepted Answer

α-1,4-glycosidic bonds

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why fructose can react with Benedict’s solution, even though it is a ketose?

Accepted Answer

Fructose rearranges to form glucose, which has an oxidizable aldehyde group.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of amylopectin?

Accepted Answer

It is a branched polymer of glucose with both α-1,4- and α-1,6-glycosidic bonds.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between a reducing and a non-reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Reducing sugars contain a free aldehyde or ketone group that can be oxidized.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the role of terminal saccharides in blood types?

Accepted Answer

Blood types are determined by the presence of specific terminal saccharides on red blood cell surfaces.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct equation for the oxidation of D-glucose with Benedict’s solution?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{D	ext{-}Glucose + 2Cu$$^{2+}$$ + [O] ightarrow D	ext{-}Gluconic\ acid + Cu_2O}$$

Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, and Polysaccharides: Structure, Reactions, and Biological Importance

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