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문제 1b
Classify each of the following pure substances as an element or a compound:
b. hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
문제 1d
Classify each of the following pure substances as an element or a compound:
d. rust (Fe2O3)
문제 3c
Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture:
c. ice (H2O)
문제 5b
A dietitian includes one of the following mixtures in the lunch menu. Classify each as homogeneous or heterogeneous.
b. tea
문제 8a
Indicate whether each of the following describes a gas, a liquid, or a solid:
a. Lemonade has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container
문제 8b
Indicate whether each of the following describes a gas, a liquid, or a solid:
b. The particles in a tank of oxygen are very far apart.
문제 8c
Indicate whether each of the following describes a gas, a liquid, or a solid:
c. Helium occupies the entire volume of a balloon.
문제 9a
Describe each of the following as a physical or chemical property:
a. Chromium is a steel-gray solid.
문제 9b
Describe each of the following as a physical or chemical property:
b. Hydrogen reacts readily with oxygen.
문제 10a
Describe each of the following as a physical or chemical property:
a. Neon is a colorless gas at room temperature.
문제 10b
Describe each of the following as a physical or chemical property:
b. Apple slices turn brown when they are exposed to air.
문제 10e
Describe each of the following as a physical or chemical property:
e. Propane gas is compressed to a liquid for placement in a small cylinder.
문제 11d
What type of change, physical or chemical, takes place in each of the following?
d. A puzzle is cut into 1000 pieces.
문제 12c
What type of change, physical or chemical, takes place in each of the following?
c. A tree is cut into boards at a saw mill.
문제 20a
Water is heated to 145 °F. What is the temperature of the hot water in degrees Celsius?
문제 20b
During extreme hypothermia, a child's temperature dropped to 20.6 °C. What was his temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?
문제 21
Discuss the changes in the potential and kinetic energy of a roller-coaster ride as the roller-coaster car climbs to the top and goes down the other side.
문제 23b
Indicate whether each of the following statements describes potential or kinetic energy:
b. kicking a ball
문제 23c
Indicate whether each of the following statements describes potential or kinetic energy:
c. the energy in a lump of coal
문제 31d
Using the energy values for foods (see TABLE 3.7), determine each of the following (round off the answer for each food type to the tens place):
d. the grams of fat in one avocado that has 405 kcal, 13 g of carbohydrate, and 5 g of protein
문제 32a
Using the energy values for foods (see TABLE 3.7), determine each of the following (round off the answer for each food type to the tens place):
a. the total kilojoules in two tablespoons of crunchy peanut butter that contains 6 g of carbohydrate, 16 g of fat, and 7 g of protein
문제 33
For dinner, Charles had one cup of clam chowder, which contains 16 g of carbohydrate, 12 g of fat, and 9 g of protein. How much energy, in kilocalories and kilojoules, is in the clam chowder? (Round off the answer for each food type to the tens place.)
문제 35
A patient receives 3.2 L of intravenous (IV) glucose solution. If 100. mL of the solution contains 5.0 g of glucose (carbohydrate), how many kilocalories did the patient obtain from the glucose solution?
문제 37
If the same amount of heat is supplied to samples of 10.0 g each of aluminum, iron, and copper all at 15.0 °C, which sample would reach the highest temperature (see TABLE 3.11)?
문제 41c
Use the heat equation to calculate the energy, in joules and calories, for each of the following (see TABLE 3.11):
c. lost when 15.0 g of ethanol, C2H6O, cools from 60.5 °C to −42.0 °C
문제 44a
Identify each of the following changes of state as melting, freezing, sublimation, or deposition:
a. Dry ice in an ice-cream cart disappears.
문제 44b
Identify each of the following changes of state as melting, freezing, sublimation, or deposition:
b. Snow on the ground turns to liquid water.
문제 44c
Identify each of the following changes of state as melting, freezing, sublimation, or deposition:
c. Heat is removed from 125 g of liquid water at 0 °C.
문제 44d
Identify each of the following changes of state as melting, freezing, sublimation, or deposition:
d. Frost (ice) forms on the walls of a freezer unit of a refrigerator.
문제 53c
Using the values for the heat of fusion, specific heat of water, and/or heat of vaporization, calculate the amount of heat energy in each of the following:
c. kilojoules needed to melt 24.0 g of ice at 0 °C, warm the liquid to 100 °C, and change it to steam at 100 °C