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<p>In the <strong>Theory of Likes Dissolve Likes</strong> the solvent can only completely dissolve the solute if they share same Intermolecular Forces and/or Polarity. </p>
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13. Solutions
Solutions: Solubility and Intermolecular Forces
객관식
Which of the following statements is/are true?
I. The hydrocarbon methane (CH4) will dissolve completely in acetone (CH3COCH3).
II. Ammonia (NH3) will form a heterogeneous mixture with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).
III. Pentane (C5H12) will form a homogeneous mixture with carbon tetrabromide (CBr4).
IV. Methanethiol (CH3SH) is miscible in fluoromethane (CH3F).
A
I onlyI only
B
II and III
C
II, III, IV
D
III and IV
E
None of the above
검증된 단계별 안내1
Step 1: Understand the principle of 'like dissolves like,' which means that substances with similar intermolecular forces tend to be miscible (form homogeneous mixtures). Polar substances dissolve well in polar solvents, and nonpolar substances dissolve well in nonpolar solvents.
Step 2: Analyze statement I: Methane (CH\_4) is a nonpolar hydrocarbon, while acetone (CH\_3COCH\_3) is a polar solvent due to its carbonyl group. Since methane is nonpolar and acetone is polar, methane will not dissolve completely in acetone, so statement I is false.
Step 3: Analyze statement II: Ammonia (NH\_3) is polar and can hydrogen bond, while carbon tetrachloride (CCl\_4) is nonpolar. Because of this polarity difference, ammonia and CCl\_4 will form a heterogeneous mixture (they are immiscible), so statement II is true.
Step 4: Analyze statement III: Pentane (C\_5H\_12) and carbon tetrabromide (CBr\_4) are both nonpolar molecules. Since both are nonpolar, they will mix well and form a homogeneous mixture, so statement III is true.
Step 5: Analyze statement IV: Methanethiol (CH\_3SH) and fluoromethane (CH\_3F) are both polar molecules with similar molecular sizes and intermolecular forces, so they are likely miscible, making statement IV true.
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