객관식
Write the formula of the conjugate base for the following compound:
H2Se
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14. Acids and Bases
Bronsted Lowry Acid and Base
2:47 minutesProblem 41
교과서 질문
What happens when a weak base such as NH₃ is dissolved in water?
검증된 단계별 안내1
Identify the weak base in the problem, which is ammonia (NH₃).
Understand that when a weak base like NH₃ is dissolved in water, it partially ionizes. This means it does not completely dissociate into ions.
Write the chemical equation for the reaction of NH₃ with water: \[ \text{NH}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightleftharpoons \text{NH}_4^+ + \text{OH}^- \]
Recognize that the equilibrium established in this reaction involves the formation of ammonium ions (NH₄⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻), which makes the solution slightly basic.
Consider the concept of equilibrium and the fact that the position of equilibrium for a weak base like NH₃ lies far to the left, indicating that only a small fraction of NH₃ molecules are ionized at any given time.
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Weak Bases
Weak bases are substances that partially ionize in solution, meaning they do not completely dissociate into ions. Ammonia (NH₃) is a common example, which reacts with water to form ammonium ions (NH₄⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻). This partial ionization results in a lower pH compared to strong bases, which fully dissociate.
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Equilibrium in Chemical Reactions
When a weak base like NH₃ is dissolved in water, it establishes an equilibrium between the undissociated base and the ions produced. This dynamic balance is described by the equilibrium constant (K_b), which quantifies the extent of ionization. Understanding this concept is crucial for predicting the behavior of weak bases in solution.
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pH and Basicity
The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, with values below 7 indicating acidity and above 7 indicating basicity. When NH₃ dissolves in water, it increases the concentration of hydroxide ions, leading to a higher pH. This basic nature is a key characteristic of weak bases and is essential for understanding their effects in aqueous solutions.
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