Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between ionic and covalent bonding?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal, while covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between nonmetals.

Question 2

How many valence electrons does a neutral atom of sulfur (S) have?

Accepted Answer

$$6$$

Question 3

Which of the following compounds is expected to have the highest melting point?

Accepted Answer

Potassium bromide, $$\mathrm{KBr}$$

Question 4

What is the correct Lewis Dot Structure for the ion $$\mathrm{NH_4$^+}$$?

Accepted Answer

A nitrogen atom with four single bonds to hydrogen atoms, enclosed in brackets with a $$+$$ charge.

Question 5

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$

Question 6

What is the ideal bond angle in a molecule with four electron groups and no lone pairs on the central atom?

Accepted Answer

$$109.5^\circ$$

Question 7

Which of the following elements is least likely to form covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Potassium (K)

Question 8

What is the difference in electronegativity ($$\Delta EN) $$between carbon ($$\mathrm{C}$$, $$2.5) $$and fluorine ($$\mathrm{F}$$, $$4.0$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$1.5$$

Question 9

Which of the following best describes a resonance structure?

Accepted Answer

A set of two or more valid Lewis Dot Structures for a molecule, differing only in the arrangement of electrons.

Question 10

Which of the following bonds is the shortest and strongest?

Accepted Answer

Triple bond

Question 11

A molecule of $$\mathrm{H_2O}$$ has how many lone pairs and bonding pairs on the central atom?

Accepted Answer

2 lone pairs, 2 bonding pairs

Question 12

Which of the following best explains why ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water?

Accepted Answer

The ions are free to move and carry charge in solution.

Question 13

Which of the following molecules has a trigonal planar molecular geometry?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{$$BCl_3$$}$$

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the bond in $$\mathrm{Cl_2$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Pure covalent

Question 15

Which of the following ions has the greatest difference in electronegativity between its constituent elements?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{K}$$ and $$\mathrm{F}$$

Question 16

Which of the following molecules is expected to have the lowest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{SO_2$}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a property of covalent compounds?

Accepted Answer

Usually gases, liquids, or soft solids at room temperature

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the molecular polarity of $$\mathrm{CO_2$}$$?

Accepted Answer

Nonpolar molecule due to its linear shape

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct order of decreasing dipole moment for the following molecules: $$\mathrm{H-F}$$, $$\mathrm{H-Cl}$$, $$\mathrm{H-Br}$$, $$\mathrm{H-I}$$?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{H-F} \u003e \mathrm{H-Cl} \u003e \mathrm{H-Br} \u003e \mathrm{H-I}$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes a free radical?

Accepted Answer

A molecule with an odd number of valence electrons and an unpaired electron

Chapter 10: Chemical Bonding – Study Notes

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