Question 1

Which statement best describes the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between two nonmetals.

Question 2

According to the octet rule, atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve how many valence electrons?

Accepted Answer

$$8$$

Question 3

Which of the following compounds contains a polyatomic ion?

Accepted Answer

KNO$$_3$$

Question 4

When naming ionic compounds, which rule must always be followed?

Accepted Answer

The sum of the charges in the compound must be zero.

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct formula for ammonium sulfate?

Accepted Answer

$$(NH_4$)_2SO_4$$

Question 6

A molecule of carbon dioxide ($$CO_2) is $$best described as:

Accepted Answer

A nonpolar covalent molecule with a linear shape.

Question 7

Which of the following ions is NOT a polyatomic ion?

Accepted Answer

Cl$$^-$$

Question 8

What is the correct name for the compound $$P_2O_5$$?

Accepted Answer

Diphosphorus pentoxide

Question 9

Which of the following statements about Lewis structures is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Lewis structures show bonding and valence electrons, but not molecular shape.

Question 10

A molecule has a central atom with two bonded atoms and two lone pairs. According to VSEPR theory, what is its molecular shape?

Accepted Answer

Bent

Question 11

Which of the following compounds is polar?

Accepted Answer

$$H_2O$$

Question 12

What is the correct formula for a compound formed between calcium ions ($$Ca^{2+}) $$and phosphate ions ($$PO_4$$^{3-}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_2$$($$PO_4)_3$

Question 13

Which prefix is used to indicate six atoms of an element in a covalent compound?

Accepted Answer

Hexa-

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about polyatomic ions?

Accepted Answer

Parentheses are used in formulas when more than one of a polyatomic ion is present.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why water ($$H_2O) is a $$polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

The central atom (oxygen) has lone pairs and the outer atoms are not all the same.

Question 16

If a compound is made only of one element, what can be said about its polarity?

Accepted Answer

It is always nonpolar.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for $$NH_3 ($$ammonia)?

Accepted Answer

Central N atom with three single bonds to H atoms and one lone pair on N.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct name for $$N_2O_4$$?

Accepted Answer

Dinitrogen tetraoxide

Question 19

A student is asked to write the formula for magnesium nitrate. Magnesium forms $$Mg^{2+}$$ ions and nitrate is $$NO_3$$^-$$. What is the correct formula?

Accepted Answer

$$Mg(NO_3$)_2$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes a diatomic molecule?

Accepted Answer

A molecule composed of two atoms of the same element.

Chemical Bonds and Compounds: Introduction to Ionic and Covalent Chemistry

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