Question 1

Which of the following best describes the bond between nitrogen (N) and hydrogen (H) in ammonia (NH₃)?

N (EN = 3.0), H (EN = 2.1)

Accepted Answer

Polar covalent

Question 2

What is the molecular geometry of a molecule with three single bonds and no lone pairs on the central atom?

Accepted Answer

Trigonal planar

Question 3

A gas sample at 2.75 atm is expanded from 6.75 mL to 49.8 mL at constant temperature. What is the final pressure in atm? Use $$P_1V_1 = P_2V_2.$$

Accepted Answer

$$0.373$$ atm

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Gas particles experience strong attractions to each other.

Question 5

A 2.11 L sample of gas is at 15.4°C. If the volume increases to 2.33 L at constant pressure, what is the new temperature in °C? Use $$\frac{V_1$}{T_1$} = \frac{V_2$}{T_2$}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$45.5\ ^\circ\mathrm{C}$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the role of water when NaCl dissolves in it?

Accepted Answer

Water acts as a solvent, surrounding Na+ and Cl- ions with its dipoles.

Question 7

According to Henry’s Law, what happens to the solubility of a gas in water as the pressure of the gas above the liquid increases?

Accepted Answer

Solubility increases.

Question 8

How many grams of NaCl are present in 275 mL of a 1.5 M NaCl solution? ($$M = \frac{	ext{mol}}{	ext{L}}$$, molar mass NaCl = 58.44 g/mol)

Accepted Answer

24 g

Question 9

Which of the following is a product of a typical acid-base reaction?

Accepted Answer

Water and salt

Question 10

In the reaction $$NH_4^+ + H_2O$$ \rightarrow H_3O^+ + $$NH_3$$, what is the conjugate base?

Accepted Answer

$$NH_3$$

Question 11

Which of the following is a characteristic of organic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Primarily composed of carbon and hydrogen

Question 12

What is the general formula for an alkane with n carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

$$C_nH_{2n+2}$$

Question 13

What happens to the atomic number of a nucleus that emits a positron?

Accepted Answer

It decreases by one.

Question 14

Which type of radioactive decay results in a daughter nuclide that is the same element as the parent nuclide?

Accepted Answer

Gamma radiation

Question 15

Which of the following has the highest ionizing power but the lowest penetrating power?

Accepted Answer

Alpha particle

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A carbohydrate composed of two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage

Question 17

Which of the following statements about lipids is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Lipids are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents.

Question 18

Which level of protein structure is maintained primarily by hydrogen bonding between NH and CO groups along the peptide backbone?

Accepted Answer

Secondary

Question 19

Which base in DNA pairs with cytosine?

Accepted Answer

Guanine

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

A phosphate group, glycerol backbone, and two fatty acid chains

Comprehensive Study Notes for Introductory Chemistry: Chemical Bonding, Gases, Solutions, Acids & Bases, Nuclear Chemistry, and Biomolecules

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