Question 1

Which of the following best describes a solution?

Accepted Answer

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase.

Question 2

When sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves in water, what happens at the molecular level?

Accepted Answer

NaCl dissociates into Na+ and Cl- ions, which are surrounded by water molecules.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a factor that increases the rate of dissolution of a solid solute in a liquid solvent?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the temperature of the solvent.

Question 4

A solution that contains more dissolved solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature is called:

Accepted Answer

Supersaturated

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why sugar dissolved in water does NOT conduct electricity?

Accepted Answer

Sugar dissolves as molecules, not ions, so there are no charged particles to carry current.

Question 6

According to the solubility graph provided, how many grams of potassium iodide (KI) will dissolve in 100 g of water at 45°C?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 180 g

Question 7

If 46.4 g of sodium acetate (NaCH$$_3$$COO) is added to 100 g of water at 20°C, what type of solution is formed?

Accepted Answer

Saturated

Question 8

What happens if you add 46.5 g of NaCH$$_3$$COO to 100 g of water at 20°C?

Accepted Answer

Only 46.4 g will dissolve; the rest will remain undissolved, forming a saturated solution.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about electrolytes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes are substances that conduct electricity due to the presence of mobile ions.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the effect of increasing pressure on the solubility of a gas in a liquid?

Accepted Answer

Increasing pressure increases the solubility of a gas.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about the heat of solution?

Accepted Answer

The process can be either exothermic or endothermic depending on the substances involved.

Question 12

If a solution is unsaturated, what will happen if more solute is added?

Accepted Answer

The added solute will dissolve until the solution becomes saturated.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why oil does not dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Oil is nonpolar and water is polar; 'like dissolves like' so they do not mix.

Question 14

How many grams of NaCl will dissolve in 50 grams of water at 75°C, according to the solubility graph?

Accepted Answer

About 20.5 g

Question 15

Which of the following substances has a solubility of 90 g/100 cm$$^3 of $$water at 25°C, based on the solubility graph?

Accepted Answer

Potassium nitrate

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the process of hydration?

Accepted Answer

Ions are surrounded by water molecules in an aqueous solution.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a nonelectrolyte solution?

Accepted Answer

Sugar solution (C$$_{12}H$_{22}O$_{11} in $$water)

Question 18

Which of the following statements about saturated solutions is correct?

Accepted Answer

A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature.

Question 19

Which of the following would increase the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the pressure above the liquid.

Question 20

A student adds 60 g of NaCH$$_3$$COO to 100 g of water at 20°C. According to the solubility curve, what will happen?

Accepted Answer

Only 46.4 g will dissolve; the rest will remain undissolved.

Intro to Chemistry: Solutions, Solubility, and Electrolytes Study Guide

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