Question 1

Which of the following best describes a Bronsted-Lowry acid?

Accepted Answer

A substance that donates a proton (H$$^+) to $$another substance.

Question 2

Given the reaction: NH$$_3 + H$_2O$$ $$\rightarrow NH$_4^+ + OH$^-$$, which species acts as the acid according to the Bronsted-Lowry definition?

Accepted Answer

H$$_2O$$

Question 3

If the pH of a solution is 3.5, what is the concentration of hydronium ions [H$$_3O$^+$$] in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H_3O^+] = 10$$^{-3.5}$$ M

Question 4

A solution has a pH of 8. What is its [H$$_3O$^+$$] concentration?

Accepted Answer

$$[H_3O^+] = 10$$^{-8}$$ M

Question 5

A solution has a pH of 2. Is it acidic, basic, or neutral?

Accepted Answer

Acidic

Question 6

Which of the following pairs is a conjugate acid-base pair?

Accepted Answer

HCl and Cl$$^-$$

Question 7

What is the primary function of a buffer in a biological system?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a stable pH when acids or bases are added.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a view of oxidation?

Accepted Answer

Gain of electrons

Question 9

In the reaction: Zn + Cu$$^{2+}$$ $$\rightarrow Zn$^{2+} + Cu$$, which species is oxidized?

Accepted Answer

Zn

Question 10

Balance the following redox reaction in acidic solution: Fe$$^{2+} + $$MnO$$_4^-$$ $$\rightarrow Fe$^{3+} + Mn$^{2+}$$

Accepted Answer

$$5Fe^{2+}$$ + $$MnO_4^- + 8H$$^+ \rightarrow $$5Fe^{3+}$$ + $$Mn^{2+} + 4H_2O$

Question 11

Which of the following is an oxidizing agent in a redox reaction?

Accepted Answer

A substance that gains electrons

Question 12

Which of the following is a reducing agent?

Accepted Answer

H$$_2$$

Question 13

Which of the following is a functional group found in organic chemistry?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl group ($$-OH)$$

Question 14

Which functional group is present in all alcohols?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl group ($$-OH)$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes an alkene?

Accepted Answer

A hydrocarbon with at least one double bond

Question 16

How many carbon atoms are in butane?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 17

Which of the following is an aromatic compound?

Accepted Answer

Benzene

Question 18

Which of the following is a heterocyclic compound?

Accepted Answer

Pyridine

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a buffer solution?

Accepted Answer

A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating pH?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{pH} = -\log[H_3O^+]$$

Introduction to Chemistry: Acids, Bases, Redox, and Organic Chemistry Study Guide

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