Question 1

Which of the following statements best explains why sodium (Na) forms a $$+1$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

Sodium loses one electron to achieve the electron configuration of a noble gas.

Question 2

Based on the periodic table, which ion is gallium (Ga) most likely to form?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ga}^{+3}$$

Question 3

Why do elements in Group 1A (alkali metals) typically form $$+1$$ ions?

Accepted Answer

They have one valence electron, which they lose to achieve a noble gas configuration.

Question 4

Which of the following elements is most likely to form a $$-2$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen ($$\mathrm{O})$$

Question 5

A student claims that magnesium ($$\mathrm{Mg}) $$will form a $$+1$$ ion. Which statement best evaluates this claim?

Accepted Answer

The claim is incorrect because magnesium loses two electrons to form a $$+2$$ ion.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the trend in ion formation for main group elements as you move from left to right across a period?

Accepted Answer

Elements are more likely to gain electrons and form negative ions.

Question 7

Which of the following ions is most likely to be formed by sulfur ($$\mathrm{S}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{S}^{-2}$$

Question 8

Why do elements in Group 7A (halogens) typically form $$-1$$ ions?

Accepted Answer

They have seven valence electrons and gain one electron to achieve a noble gas configuration.

Question 9

Which of the following elements is least likely to form an ion?

Accepted Answer

Neon ($$\mathrm{Ne})$$

Question 10

A hospital uses sodium chloride ($$\mathrm{NaCl}) in IV $$solutions. Based on the periodic table, what are the charges on the sodium and chloride ions in this compound?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Na}^{+1}$$ and \mathrm{Cl}^{-1}$

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why aluminum ($$\mathrm{Al}) $$forms a $$+3$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

Aluminum loses three electrons to achieve the electron configuration of a noble gas.

Question 12

Which of the following ions is most likely to be formed by phosphorus ($$\mathrm{P}$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{P}^{-3}$$

Question 13

A student mixes potassium ($$\mathrm{K}) $$and bromine ($$\mathrm{Br}) to $$form an ionic compound. What are the charges on the ions in the resulting compound?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{K}^{+1}$$ and \mathrm{Br}^{-1}$

Question 14

Which of the following elements is most likely to form a $$+2$$ ion?

Accepted Answer

Calcium ($$\mathrm{Ca})$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the electron configuration of a noble gas?

Accepted Answer

A completely filled outer shell of electrons

Main Group Element Charges and the Periodic Table

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