$$\frac{\text{Num of people unemployed}}{\text{Num of people in the labour force}} \times 100$$

$$\frac{126 - 120}{120} \times 100 = 5\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between nominal GDP and real GDP?

Accepted Answer

Nominal GDP is measured in current dollars, while real GDP is measured in constant (base-period) dollars, reflecting quantity changes.

Question 2

Suppose the Canadian economy is experiencing an output gap where $$Y \u003c Y^*. $$What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

There is a recessionary gap, resulting in higher unemployment and lost output.

Question 3

Which formula correctly calculates the unemployment rate?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{	ext{Num of people unemployed}}{	ext{Num of people in the labour force}} 	imes 100$$

Question 4

If the Consumer Price Index (CPI) increases from 120 to 126 over one year, what is the annual inflation rate?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{126 - 120}{120} 	imes 100 = 5\%$$

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a key macroeconomic variable?

Accepted Answer

Market share

Question 6

A country’s real GDP per worker increases over time. What is the most direct implication of this trend?

Accepted Answer

The country’s productivity is increasing, raising material living standards.

Question 7

If the nominal interest rate is 6% and the inflation rate is 4%, what is the real interest rate?

Accepted Answer

$$6\% - 4\% = 2\%$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes frictional unemployment?

Accepted Answer

Unemployment due to natural turnover as people change jobs.

Question 9

What is the effect of unanticipated inflation on the real value of wages and prices?

Accepted Answer

It generally leads to more changes in the real value of wages and prices.

Question 10

Which of the following policies is most likely to cause an appreciation of the Canadian dollar?

Accepted Answer

Higher Canadian interest rates attracting foreign capital.

Question 11

If Canada’s net exports are negative, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

Canada imports more than it exports.

Question 12

During a business cycle, which phase is characterized by rising real GDP and falling unemployment?

Accepted Answer

Recovery

Question 13

Which of the following is most likely to occur if the actual output $$Y$$ exceeds potential output $$Y^*$$?

Accepted Answer

Inflationary pressures increase.

Question 14

Which equation correctly represents the Consumer Price Index (CPI)?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{CPI} = \frac{\sum P_t Q_0$}{\sum P_0$ Q_0$} 	imes 100$$

Question 15

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of a persistent inflation rate above the target range?

Accepted Answer

Real value of fixed nominal sums is reduced.

Question 16

If the Bank of Canada raises its policy rate, what is the most likely short-term effect on the exchange rate?

Accepted Answer

The Canadian dollar appreciates due to increased foreign capital inflows.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of unemployment on society?

Accepted Answer

Increase in productivity

Question 18

Which statement best describes the debate about government policy and long-term economic growth?

Accepted Answer

There is debate about the extent to which government policy can influence the economy’s long-run growth rate.

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the natural rate of unemployment (NAIRU)?

Accepted Answer

It is the unemployment rate when the economy is at full employment ($$Y = Y^*).$$

Chapter 4: What Macroeconomics Is All About – Key Variables, Growth, and Fluctuations

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