Q: Which formula correctly calculates the unemployment rate?

$$ \text{Unemployment Rate} = \frac{\text{Number of Unemployed}}{\text{Labor Force}} \times 100 $$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the economic concept of scarcity?

Accepted Answer

Scarcity means that resources are limited and cannot satisfy all human wants.

Question 2

Suppose a country can produce either 100 units of wheat or 200 units of corn using all its resources. If the country moves from producing 100 units of wheat and 0 corn to 0 wheat and 200 corn, and the opportunity cost per unit of corn remains constant, what does this imply about the production possibilities frontier (PPF)?

Accepted Answer

The PPF is a straight line, indicating constant marginal opportunity costs.

Question 3

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a change in quantity demanded, not a change in demand?

Accepted Answer

The price of coffee decreases, leading to more coffee being purchased.

Question 4

According to the law of demand, what happens when the price of a good increases, ceteris paribus?

Accepted Answer

The quantity demanded decreases.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an inferior good?

Accepted Answer

As income rises, consumers buy less instant noodles.

Question 6

If the price of peanut butter increases, what is likely to happen to the demand for jelly, assuming they are complements?

Accepted Answer

The demand for jelly will decrease.

Question 7

Which of the following best defines Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?

Accepted Answer

The market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given period.

Question 8

A person who is not working, has actively looked for work in the past four weeks, and is available to work is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Unemployed

Question 9

Which formula correctly calculates the unemployment rate?

Accepted Answer

$$ 	ext{Unemployment Rate} = \frac{	ext{Number of Unemployed}}{	ext{Labor Force}} 	imes 100 $$

Question 10

Which type of unemployment is caused by changes in the structure of the economy, such as technological advances making certain jobs obsolete?

Accepted Answer

Structural unemployment

Question 11

How is long-run economic growth typically measured?

Accepted Answer

By the increase in real GDP per capita over time.

Question 12

Potential GDP is best described as:

Accepted Answer

The level of real GDP attained when all firms are producing at capacity.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a function of money?

Accepted Answer

Money is a factor of production.

Question 14

Which of the following is included in M1 but not in M2?

Accepted Answer

None; all components of M1 are also included in M2.

Question 15

How do banks create money in a fractional reserve banking system?

Accepted Answer

By making loans from a portion of their deposits.

Question 16

Which of the following is true about fiat money?

Accepted Answer

It has value because the government declares it to be legal tender.

Question 17

Which of the following is a primary objective of monetary policy?

Accepted Answer

Price stability

Question 18

Who is primarily responsible for conducting fiscal policy in the United States?

Accepted Answer

The President and Congress

Question 19

During an economic expansion, automatic stabilizers will cause which of the following to occur?

Accepted Answer

Transfer payments decrease and tax revenues increase.

Question 20

As a fraction of GDP, what has happened to total expenditures by the federal government over time?

Accepted Answer

They have generally increased.

Macroeconomics Exam 3 Study Guide: Key Concepts and Applications

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