Question 1

Which of the following best describes anaphylaxis?

Accepted Answer

A severe, life-threatening allergic reaction characterized by systemic involvement and potential airway compromise.

Question 2

A patient presents with hives, facial swelling, and difficulty breathing after eating peanuts. Which medication is most appropriate to administer first?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial infections

Question 4

What is the primary physiological effect of epinephrine in the treatment of anaphylaxis?

Accepted Answer

It constricts blood vessels and dilates bronchioles.

Question 5

A 24-year-old male with a known shellfish allergy develops itching, hives, and a sense of impending doom after eating at a restaurant. His vital signs are: pulse 88, respirations 24, BP 108/74, skin warm and moist, no wheezing or stridor. Should you administer epinephrine?

Accepted Answer

No, because he does not have respiratory distress or signs of shock.

Question 6

Which of the following signs or symptoms is most indicative of anaphylactic shock?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory distress and hypotension

Question 7

What is the correct dose of epinephrine for an adult using the Ready-Check-Inject method?

Accepted Answer

$$0.3$$ milliLiters

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why a patient does not have an allergic reaction the first time they are exposed to an allergen?

Accepted Answer

The immune system is not yet sensitized and has not formed antibodies.

Question 9

A patient with a history of severe allergies is found with hives, facial swelling, and audible wheezing. What is the most important initial intervention?

Accepted Answer

Administer high-concentration oxygen and prepare to assist with epinephrine.

Question 10

Which of the following is a potential side effect of epinephrine administration?

Accepted Answer

Increased heart rate

Question 11

Which of the following findings would require immediate reassessment after epinephrine administration?

Accepted Answer

Worsening airway swelling or persistent hypotension

Question 12

Which of the following statements about latex allergy is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Patients with multiple surgeries are at increased risk for latex allergy.

Question 13

Which of the following is a sign of respiratory involvement in an allergic reaction?

Accepted Answer

Stridor

Question 14

A patient with a known allergy to penicillin is accidentally given the medication and develops urticaria, wheezing, and hypotension. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Anaphylaxis

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct sequence for assisting a patient with an epinephrine auto-injector?

Accepted Answer

Check expiration, ensure liquid is clear, remove cap, inject into outer thigh, hold until dose is delivered

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the mechanism by which anaphylaxis causes hypotension?

Accepted Answer

Vasodilation and increased capillary permeability lead to fluid loss from the vascular space.

Question 17

A patient with a history of hypertension and heart disease is experiencing anaphylaxis. What is the most important consideration before administering epinephrine?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine may be dangerous but is indicated in life-threatening anaphylaxis.

Question 18

Which of the following is a key step in the Ready-Check-Inject method for EMT-administered epinephrine?

Accepted Answer

Having a second provider verify the dose drawn up

Question 19

Which of the following is a general indication for the administration of an epinephrine auto-injector?

Accepted Answer

Known exposure to allergen with respiratory distress or signs of shock

Question 20

After administering epinephrine, what is the most important next step?

Accepted Answer

Reassess the patient after 2 minutes and prepare for transport.

Allergic Reactions and Anaphylaxis: Medical Terminology and Emergency Care

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