Question 1

A 45-year-old patient presents with muscle spasms and low blood calcium levels. Which endocrine disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Tetany

Question 2

Which hormone is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce corticosteroids?

Accepted Answer

ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)

Question 3

A patient is diagnosed with hyperglycemia and is found to have underactivity of insulin. Which condition does this patient most likely have?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Question 4

Which combining form refers specifically to the adrenal glands?

Accepted Answer

adrenal/o

Question 5

A patient with Graves disease is likely to present with which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Protruding eyeballs (exophthalmos)

Question 6

Which surgical procedure involves the removal of the thyroid gland?

Accepted Answer

Thyroidectomy

Question 7

A physician orders a $$	ext{HbA1C}$$ test for a patient. What is the primary purpose of this test?

Accepted Answer

To assess average blood glucose over several months

Question 8

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor and milk ejection during breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Question 9

A patient with excessive thirst is most likely experiencing which condition?

Accepted Answer

Polydipsia

Question 10

Which diagnostic test is used to visualize thyroid function using a nuclear medicine scan?

Accepted Answer

Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)

Question 11

A patient with a tumor of the parathyroid gland would most accurately be diagnosed with which condition?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroidoma

Question 12

Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels by promoting cellular uptake of glucose?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 13

A patient with excessive production of adrenal cortisol is most likely to be diagnosed with which syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Cushing Syndrome

Question 14

Which term describes a group of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular disease?

Accepted Answer

Syndrome

Question 15

A patient undergoes a pancreatectomy. Which hormone will the patient no longer be able to produce naturally?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 16

Which abbreviation stands for the hormone that stimulates milk production in the mammary glands?

Accepted Answer

PRL

Question 17

A patient with an enlarged thyroid gland is diagnosed with which condition?

Accepted Answer

Goiter

Question 18

Which term refers to the study of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Endocrinology

Question 19

A patient with excessive growth hormone secretion during childhood develops which condition?

Accepted Answer

Gigantism

Question 20

Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is responsible for increasing heart rate and respiration during stress?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Endocrine System: Medical Terminology Study Guide

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