Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of melanocytes in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

They produce melanin to absorb ultraviolet (UV) light and protect against sun damage.

Question 2

A patient presents with a bluish-purple discoloration of the skin and nails. Which medical term best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Cyanosis

Question 3

Which layer of the skin contains living cells that are constantly dividing and being pushed upward?

Accepted Answer

Basal layer of the epidermis

Question 4

What is the primary function of the subcutaneous tissue?

Accepted Answer

To cushion, insulate, and protect internal organs

Question 5

A patient has a skin lesion that is elevated, circular, and filled with semisolid or partly fluid material. Which type of lesion is this?

Accepted Answer

Cyst

Question 6

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the Rule of Nines in burn assessment?

Accepted Answer

It is used to estimate the percentage of body surface area affected by burns.

Question 7

Which word part combination correctly forms the term for 'inflammation of the skin'?

Accepted Answer

dermat/o- + -itis

Question 8

A patient with a history of autoimmune disease presents with white patches of depigmentation interspersed with normally pigmented skin. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Vitiligo

Question 9

Which of the following is a benign mass of superficial, dilated blood vessels present at birth?

Accepted Answer

Hemangioma

Question 10

A patient presents with a linear scratch on the skin caused by a fingernail. What is the medical term for this injury?

Accepted Answer

Excoriation

Question 11

Which of the following drugs is used to treat fungal infections of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Antifungal drugs

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with a full-thickness burn. Which layers of the skin are involved?

Accepted Answer

Epidermis, dermis, and sometimes subcutaneous tissue and muscle

Question 13

Which of the following procedures uses liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy a skin lesion?

Accepted Answer

Cryosurgery

Question 14

A patient with chronic lack of oxygen presents with clubbing and cyanosis of the fingernails. Which underlying condition is most likely associated?

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE about the function of sweat glands?

Accepted Answer

They secrete sweat that cools the skin and helps regulate body temperature.

Question 16

A patient presents with a raised, pearly bump on the skin. Biopsy confirms basal cell carcinoma. Which layer of the skin did the cancer originate from?

Accepted Answer

Basal layer of the epidermis

Question 17

Which of the following laboratory tests is used to identify the bacterium present in a skin infection and its sensitivity to antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

Culture and sensitivity (C&S)

Question 18

A patient with a butterfly rash on the nose and cheeks is most likely suffering from which autoimmune disorder?

Accepted Answer

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Question 19

Which of the following is a congenital absence of sweat glands, resulting in inability to sweat and tolerate heat?

Accepted Answer

Anhidrosis

Question 20

A patient presents with excessive dryness of the skin. Which medical term best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

Xeroderma

Integumentary System: Structure, Function, and Common Diseases

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