Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of surfactant in the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

It reduces surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse and aiding lung inflation.

Question 2

A patient presents with a deviated nasal septum. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

The partition between the two nostrils is pushed to one side.

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for producing sound in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Vocal cords (true folds) in the larynx

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct order of airflow through the tracheobronchial tree?

Accepted Answer

Nose → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Primary bronchus → Secondary bronchus → Tertiary bronchus → Bronchioles → Alveoli

Question 5

A premature infant is diagnosed with Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS). What is the primary cause of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Lack of surfactant in the lungs

Question 6

Which of the following terms is correctly matched with its adjective form?

Accepted Answer

Pharynx – pharyngeal

Question 7

Which disorder is characterized by recurrent acute episodes of bronchial obstruction, bronchoconstriction, hypersecretion of mucus, and airway inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Asthma

Question 8

A patient with cyanosis will most likely exhibit which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Dark red-blue coloration of the skin due to increased unoxygenated hemoglobin

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the respiratory membrane?

Accepted Answer

A thin barrier where oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of the nose in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Passageway for air, air cleanser, moisturizer, and warmer

Question 11

A patient with pleurisy is most likely experiencing inflammation of which structure?

Accepted Answer

The pleura, the thin membranes surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of nutrients

Question 13

Which of the following best describes chronic bronchitis?

Accepted Answer

A long-term inflammation of the airways, often caused by smoking, with excess mucus and destroyed cilia

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct definition of 'eupnea'?

Accepted Answer

Normal, easy respiration (10 to 15 breaths per minute in a resting adult)

Question 15

A patient with a collapsed lung due to air entering the pleural space is diagnosed with which condition?

Accepted Answer

Pneumothorax

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of cystic fibrosis?

Accepted Answer

Genetic disorder causing thick, sticky mucus in the lungs and digestive system

Question 17

Which of the following is a sign of respiratory difficulty characterized by rapid breathing?

Accepted Answer

Tachypnea

Question 18

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the upper respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Trachea

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the function of the pleural fluid?

Accepted Answer

It lubricates the pleural cavity, reducing friction during breathing.

Question 20

A patient with obstructive sleep apnea experiences which of the following during sleep?

Accepted Answer

Complete cessation of breathing due to airway obstruction and hypoxia

Introduction to the Respiratory System: Medical Terminology and Disorders

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