Researchers are investigating the communities of microorganisms that inhabit the human urinary tract. Which of the following medical applications could reasonably result from improved knowledge of these microbial communities?

Identifying microbial patterns that signal early stages of certain diseases

Developing probiotic treatments designed for specific microbial imbalances

Adjusting drug therapies based on how a patient's microbiota influence drug metabolism

All of these are potential applications of microbiome research