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Comprehensive Study Guide: Microbiology Core Concepts and Objectives

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Scientific Naming of Organisms

  • Scientific Naming of Organisms
    05:22

Members of the Bacterial World

  • Members of the Bacterial World
    06:17

Introduction to Microbiology

  • Discovering Microorganisms
    03:36
  • Introduction to Microbiology
    07:27
  • Introduction to Microbiology Channel
    1:29

Introduction to Spontaneous Generation

  • Biogenesis vs. Spontaneous Generation
    02:05
  • Introduction to Spontaneous Generation
    05:59

Francesco Redi's Experiments

  • Francesco Redi's Experiments
    05:16

Needham vs. Spallanzani

  • Needham vs. Spallanzani
    05:56
  • Needham vs. Spallanzani Experimental Design
    05:34
  • Spallanzani’s Results Disproved Spontaneous Generation
    07:22

Pasteur's Experiments on Spontaneous Generation

  • Pasteur's Experiments on Spontaneous Generation
    03:50
  • Pasteur’s Swan-Neck Experiment
    05:58

Koch's Postulates

  • Koch's Postulates
    01:36
  • The 4 Koch's Postulates
    03:31
  • Limitations to Koch's Postulates
    02:58

Introduction to Microscopes

  • Introduction to Microscopes
    06:13

Magnification, Resolution, & Contrast

  • Magnification, Resolution, & Contrast
    07:29

Introduction to Light Microscopy

  • Introduction to Light Microscopy
    02:53

Light Microscopy: Bright-Field Microscopes

  • Light Microscopy: Bright-Field Microscopes
    03:46
  • Light Microscopy: Bright-Field Microscopes Example 1
    03:41
  • Components & Magnification of the Compound Light Microscope
    06:15

Light Microscopes that Increase Contrast

  • Light Microscopes that Increase Contrast
    02:39
  • Dark-Field Microscopy
    01:52
  • Phase-Contrast Microscopy
    03:27

Light Microscopes that Detect Fluorescence

  • Light Microscopes that Detect Fluorescence
    01:46
  • Fluorescence Microscopes
    02:54
  • Two-Photon Microscope (TPM)
    02:01

Electron Microscopes

  • Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
    02:42
  • Electron Microscopes
    03:08
  • Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
    04:23

Reviewing the Different Types of Microscopes

  • Reviewing the Different Types of Microscopes
    05:32

Introduction to Staining

  • Introduction to Staining
    02:10

Simple Staining

  • Simple Staining
    03:23
  • Simple Staining Basic & Acidic Dyes
    05:30

Differential Staining

  • Differential Staining
    04:07

Gram Stain

  • Gram Stain
    04:57

Other Types of Staining

  • Fluorescent Dyes
    02:59
  • Special Staining
    02:56

Reviewing the Types of Staining

  • Reviewing the Types of Staining
    04:11

Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

  • Recap:Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
    04:26
  • Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
    05:54
  • Features of Bacterial Cells
    03:54

Bacterial & Eukaryotic Cell Membranes

  • Cholesterol in Animal Membranes
    02:38
  • Bacterial & Eukaryotic Cell Membranes
    03:58

Overview of Prokaryotic Cell Structure

  • Overview of Prokaryotic Cell Structure
    05:59

Bacterial Cell Morphology & Arrangements

  • Types of Bacterial Cell Morphology
    02:44
  • Bacterial Cell Morphology & Arrangements
    01:13
  • Bacilli Bacterial Cell Arrangements
    03:56

The Glycocalyx: Capsules & Slime Layers

  • The Glycocalyx: Capsules & Slime Layers
    02:26
  • Capsules vs. Slime Layers
    01:53

Introduction to Prokaryotic Flagella

  • Types of Flagellar Distribution on Bacteria
    05:22
  • Introduction to Prokaryotic Flagella
    02:07

Fimbriae & Hami

  • Fimbriae & Hami
    01:52
  • Hami
    01:51

Pili

  • Sex Pilus
    03:29
  • Cell Motility by Pili
    02:59
  • Pili
    01:02

Introduction to Bacterial Cell Walls

  • Peptidoglycan
    01:58
  • Types of Bacterial Cell Walls
    02:44
  • Peptidoglycan Structure
    04:44

Gram-Positive Cell Walls

  • Teichoic Acids
    03:58
  • Gram-Positive Cell Walls
    02:59

Gram-Negative Cell Walls

  • Gram-Negative Cell Walls
    3:04
  • Porins
    02:18
  • The Outer Membrane
    02:15

Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Cell Walls

  • Mnemonic for Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Cell Walls
    01:41
  • Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Cell Walls
    04:46

Endospores

  • Endospores
    05:35
  • Endospore Structure
    03:08

Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles

  • Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles
    03:45
  • Eukaryotic Ribosomes
    05:51
  • Map of the Lesson on Eukaryotic Organelles
    02:04

Endosymbiotic Theory

  • Endosymbiotic Theory
    07:29

Introduction to Membrane Transport

  • Map of the Lesson on Membrane Transport
    02:26
  • Introduction to Membrane Transport
    03:00
  • Which Molecules Freely Cross Membranes?
    05:31

Passive vs. Active Transport

  • Classes of Membrane Transport Proteins
    03:41
  • Passive vs. Active Transport
    05:05

Osmosis

  • Osmosis Example 1
    02:18
  • Osmosis
    05:59
  • Direction of Osmosis
    06:48

Simple and Facilitated Diffusion

  • Simple and Facilitated Diffusion
    04:59
  • Transport Proteins of Facilitated Diffusion
    04:49

Active Transport

  • Secondary Active Transport
    06:57
  • Active Transport
    02:37
  • Primary Active Transport
    02:53

Group Translocation

  • Group Translocation
    03:37

Introduction to Metabolism

  • Introduction to Metabolism
    02:17
  • Catabolic & Anabolic Pathways
    03:25

Enzymes

  • Functions of Enzymes
    02:32
  • Enzymes Example 1
    02:25
  • Enzymes
    02:55

Redox Reactions

  • Redox Reactions Example 1
    01:44
  • Electron Carriers: NADH & FADH2
    05:22
  • Redox Reactions
    04:46

Glycolysis

  • Phases of Glycolysis
    05:57
  • Glycolysis Example 1
    01:29
  • Remembering Phases of Glycolysis
    02:49

Krebs Cycle

  • Krebs Cycle Example 1
    01:20
  • Krebs Cycle
    01:37
  • Phases of The Krebs Cycle
    09:54

Electron Transport Chain

  • Remembering the ETC
    04:43
  • Electron Transport Chain in Prokaryotes
    02:49
  • Electron Transport Chain
    07:41

Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

  • Lactic Acid Fermentation
    03:33
  • What Happens to Aerobic Organisms if There's No Oxygen?
    07:50
  • Alcohol Fermentation
    01:59

Temperature Requirements for Microbial Growth

  • Temperature Requirements for Microbial Growth
    04:16
  • Classification of Microbes by Growth Temperature
    04:56
  • How to Memorize the Classification of Microbes by Growth Temperatures
    01:59

pH Requirements for Microbial Growth

  • pH Requirements for Microbial Growth
    03:11
  • Optimal Growth pH Classes of Microbes
    03:23

Osmolarity Factors for Microbial Growth

  • Osmolarity Factors for Microbial Growth
    06:30

Nutritional Factors of Microbial Growth

  • Reviewing the Nutritional Growth Factors of Microbes
    02:20
  • Carbon Source:Heterotrophs vs. Autotrophs
    02:59
  • Nutritional Factors of Microbial Growth
    02:57

Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth

  • Reactive Oxygen Species
    04:43
  • Oxygen Requirement Classes of Microbes
    07:27
  • Oxygen Requirements for Microbial Growth
    03:52

Biofilms

  • Quorum Sensing
    04:13
  • Steps of Biofilm Development
    04:32
  • Biofilms
    03:14

Introduction to Cultivating Microbial Growth

  • Map of Techniques for Cultivating Microbes
    02:05
  • Introduction to Cultivating Microbial Growth
    03:49

Types of Solid Culture Media

  • Types of Solid Culture Media
    03:16

Chemically Defined Media

  • Chemically Defined Media
    01:53

Complex Media

  • Complex Media
    02:59

Reducing Media

  • Reducing Media
    02:55

Selective Media

  • Selective Media
    03:27

Differential Media

  • Differential Media
    04:34

Enrichment Media

  • Enrichment Media
    04:20

Plating Methods

  • Streak-Plate Method
    05:16
  • Spread-Plate Method vs. Pour-Plate Method
    05:36

Growing a Pure Culture

  • Growing a Pure Culture
    02:58

Binary Fission

  • Binary Fission
    02:16
  • Steps of Binary Fission
    04:57

Generation Times

  • Calculating Generation Times
    05:48
  • Generation Times
    02:54

Microbial Growth Curves in a Closed System

  • Microbial Growth Curves in a Closed System
    08:59
  • Primary & Secondary Metabolites
    02:33

Measuring Growth by Direct Cell Counts

  • Types of Direct Cell Counting Instruments
    02:32
  • Direct Microscopic Cell Counts
    03:28

Measuring Growth by Plate Counts

  • Measuring Growth by Plate Counts
    07:16
  • Measuring Growth by Plate Counts
    01:36

Measuring Growth by Membrane Filtration

  • Measuring Growth by Membrane Filtration
    02:29

Measuring Growth by Biomass

  • Measuring Total Weight
    03:27
  • Measuring Growth by Biomass
    05:58

Introduction to Controlling Microbial Growth

  • Terminology of Microbial Growth Control
    07:36
  • Hierarchy of Microbial Growth Control Terminology
    03:09
  • Situations Warranting Different Levels of Microbial Growth Control
    05:58

Selecting a Method to Control Microbial Growth

  • Types of Microbes (Microbial Characteristics)
    07:24
  • Overall Risk of Infection
    04:52
  • Environmental Factors
    04:18

Physical Methods to Control Microbial Growth

  • Dry Heat
    02:58
  • Irradiation
    06:18
  • Filtration
    04:29

Chemical Methods to Control Microbial Growth

  • Types of Disinfectants
    05:21
  • Selecting the Right Chemical Agent
    04:52
  • Chemical Methods to Control Microbial Growth
    03:58

Central Dogma

  • Central Dogma
    05:45

Introduction to DNA Replication

  • Unwinding the DNA:Topoisomerase, Helicase & SSBs
    05:10
  • Components of DNA Replication
    04:47
  • Origin of Replication
    03:33

Introduction to Transcription

  • Overview of Transcription
    07:44
  • Introduction to Transcription
    05:51

Genetic Code

  • How to Use the Genetic Code
    11:39
  • Genetic Code
    01:28

Introduction to Types of RNA

  • Introduction to Types of RNA
    07:20

Introduction to Translation

  • Ribosomal tRNA Binding Sites
    06:16
  • Ribosome Subunits
    08:42
  • Introduction to Translation
    06:12

Prokaryotic Gene Expression

  • Location of Transcription & Translation
    03:17
  • Simultaneous Transcription & Translation in Prokaryotes
    03:34
  • Prokaryotic Sigma (σ) Factors
    05:00

Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression

  • Positive vs Negative Gene Regulation
    02:17
  • Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression
    06:40

Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons

  • Inducible Operons
    04:25
  • Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons
    00:53
  • Repressible Operons
    03:42

The Lac Operon

  • In the Absence of Lactose
    04:34
  • The Lac Operon
    07:06
  • In the Presence of Lactose
    03:56

Introduction to Mutations

  • Spontaneous vs. Induced Mutations
    02:47
  • Introduction to Mutations
    00:37
  • Types of Mutations
    08:44

Methods of Inducing Mutations

  • Chemical Mutagens
    05:13
  • Radiation Mutagens
    02:55
  • Methods of Inducing Mutations
    03:19

Prototrophs vs. Auxotrophs

  • Prototrophs vs. Auxotrophs Example 1
    01:54
  • Prototrophs vs. Auxotrophs
    07:37

Mutant Detection

  • Mutant Detection
    06:49
  • Replica Plating
    05:36

The Ames Test

  • The Ames Test
    06:59

Introduction to Microbial Genetics

  • Map of the Lesson on Microbial Genetics
    02:04
  • Introduction to Microbial Genetics
    04:20

Horizontal Gene Transfer

  • Fates of Horizontally Transferred DNA
    03:13
  • Horizontal Gene Transfer
    04:42
  • Integration of DNA via Homologous Recombination
    02:52

Bacterial Transformation

  • Bacterial Transformation
    03:06
  • Mechanism of Natural Transformation
    03:49

Introduction to Conjugation

  • Introduction to Conjugation
    04:21

Conjugation: F Plasmids

  • F Plasmids
    05:57
  • Mechanism of F Plasmid Conjugation in E. coli
    04:12

Conjugation: Hfr & F' Cells

  • F’ Cell Conjugation
    04:31
  • Hfr Cell Conjugation
    09:41

Transduction

  • Generalized Transduction
    04:24
  • Transduction
    06:49
  • Specialized Transduction
    06:34

Introduction to Viruses

  • General Structure of Viruses
    04:47
  • Three Common Shapes of Viruses
    03:19
  • Enveloped vs. Non-Enveloped Viruses
    05:09

Plaque Assays

  • Plaque Assays
    04:21

Introduction to Animal Virus Infections

  • Introduction to Animal Virus Infections
    02:33
  • Memorizing the Steps of Animal Virus Infections
    01:40

Bacteriophage: Lytic Phage Infections

  • Bacteriophage: Lytic Phage Infections
    04:58

Bacteriophage: Lysogenic Phage Infections

  • Bacteriophage: Lysogenic Phage Infections
    05:27
  • Lysogenic Conversion
    03:37

Animal Viruses: 1. Attachment to the Host Cell

  • Animal Viruses: 1. Attachment to the Host Cell
    03:12

Animal Viruses: 2. Entry & Uncoating in the Host Cell

  • Entry & Uncoating by Endocytosis
    02:29
  • Animal Viruses: 2. Entry & Uncoating in the Host Cell
    04:29
  • Entry & Uncoating of Enveloped Viruses by Membrane Fusion
    02:59

Animal Viruses: 3. Synthesis & Replication

  • Map of Lesson on Animal Virus Synthesis & Replication
    03:34
  • Types of RNA Virus Genomes
    10:46
  • Common Themes of All Virus Genomes
    02:58

Animal Viruses: DNA Virus Synthesis & Replication

  • Animal Viruses: DNA Virus Synthesis & Replication
    01:10
  • Replication of Single-Stranded DNA (ssDNA) Viruses
    04:12
  • Replication of Double-Stranded DNA (dsDNA) Viruses
    03:58

Animal Viruses: RNA Virus Synthesis & Replication

  • Animal Viruses: RNA Virus Synthesis & Replication
    01:30
  • Replication of (+) Single Strand RNA (ssRNA) Viruses
    03:52
  • Replication of Double-Stranded RNA Viruses
    04:28

Acute vs. Persistent Viral Infections

  • Acute Viral Infections
    03:29
  • Persistent Viral Infections
    05:12
  • Acute vs. Persistent Viral Infections
    02:59

Viroids

  • Viroids
    03:49

Prions

  • Prion Development in Neurons Leads to Scrapie
    04:00
  • Prions
    03:05

Symbiotic Relationships

  • Symbiotic Relationships
    05:59

The Human Microbiome

  • The Human Microbiome
    03:25
  • Microbiome Promotes Immune Tolerance
    05:48
  • Microbiome Makes Nutrients & Aids in Host Digestion
    03:26

Characteristics of Infectious Disease

  • Primary vs. Secondary Infections
    04:16
  • Communicable vs. Noncommunicable Diseases
    04:57
  • Intro to Characteristics of Infectious Disease
    05:09

Stages of Infectious Disease Progression

  • Stages of Infectious Disease Progression
    05:36
  • Chronic & Latent Infection Disease Progression
    05:14

Reservoirs of Infection

  • Human Reservoirs: Carriers of Disease
    03:12
  • Reservoirs of Infection
    00:51
  • Non-Human Reservoirs
    02:36

Disease Transmission

  • Disease Transmission
    01:24
  • Vertical vs. Horizontal Disease Transmission
    02:32

Healthcare-Associated Infections

  • Risk Factors Contributing to HAIs
    02:45
  • Healthcare-Associated Infections
    01:33
  • Preventing HAIs
    01:59

Emerging Infectious Diseases

  • Emerging Infectious Diseases Example 1
    02:11
  • Factors Contributing to Emerging & Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases
    03:21
  • Emerging & Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases
    03:15

Introduction to Epidemiology

  • Introduction to Epidemiology Example 1
    01:48
  • Introduction to Epidemiology Example 2
    05:15
  • Mortality & Case-Fatality Rates
    02:28

Factors Influencing Epidemiology

  • Factors Influencing Epidemiology
    03:26
  • Herd Immunity
    04:05

Epidemiological Studies

  • Types of Epidemiological Studies
    05:00

Bacterial Pathogenesis

  • Intro to Bacterial Pathogenesis
    02:35
  • 1) Exposure to Pathogen
    03:27
  • 3) Invasion into Host Tissues
    05:38

Introduction to Avoiding Host Defense Mechanisms

  • Introduction to Avoiding Host Defense Mechanisms
    01:59

Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins

  • Introduction to Pathogenic Toxins
    03:40

Exotoxins Cause Damage to the Host

  • 1) A-B Toxins
    04:44
  • Types of Exotoxins
    03:30
  • 3) Superantigens
    03:59

Endotoxin Causes Damage to the Host

  • Endotoxin
    02:46
  • Lipid A Causes Septic Shock
    03:24

Exotoxins vs. Endotoxin Review

  • Exotoxins vs. Endotoxin Review
    07:22

Viruses Evade the Immune Response

  • 3) Viruses Avoid the Effects of Antibodies
    3:57
  • Intro to How Viruses Evade the Immune Response
    02:13
  • 2) Viruses Interfere with Antigen Presentation in Infected Cells
    3:43

Introduction to Immunity

  • Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity
    05:52
  • Antigens & Antibodies
    02:58

Introduction to Innate Immunity

  • Introduction to Innate Immunity
    02:30
  • Map of Lesson on Innate Immunity
    06:42

Introduction to First-Line Defenses

  • Introduction to First-Line Defenses
    01:56
  • Map of the Lesson on First-Line Defenses
    01:37

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin

  • Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
    01:28
  • Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Skin
    04:08

Physical Barriers in First-Line Defenses: Mucous Membrane

  • Peristalsis & Mucociliary Escalator
    04:16
  • Mucous Membranes
    02:34

First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers

  • Chemical Defenses: Gastric Juice Prevents Microbial Growth by Lowering pH
    02:07
  • Chemical Defenses: Earwax Prevents Microbial Growth by Controlling pH
    02:18
  • Chemical Defenses: Sweat Glands Prevent Microbial Growth by Perspiration
    02:04

First-Line Defenses: Normal Microbiota

  • Normal Microbiota
    03:43

Introduction to Cells of the Immune System

  • Introduction to Cells of the Immune System
    03:27
  • Map of the Lesson on Cells of the Immune System
    06:08
  • Hematopoiesis
    02:33

Cells of the Immune System: Granulocytes

  • Granulocytes
    03:32
  • Neutrophils
    05:32
  • Basophils
    03:23

Cells of the Immune System: Agranulocytes

  • Monocytes
    07:16
  • Introduction to Lymphocytes
    03:51
  • Agranulocytes
    03:43

Phagoctytosis

  • Steps of Phagocytosis
    08:57
  • Phagoctytosis
    02:19

Cell Communication: Surface Receptors & Adhesion Molecules

  • Cell Surface Receptors
    04:05
  • Adhesion Molecules
    02:58

Introduction to Inflammation

  • Types of Inflammatory Responses
    02:52
  • Introduction to Inflammation
    01:38
  • Chronic Inflammation
    03:09

Steps of the Inflammatory Response

  • 2) Release of Inflammatory Mediators & Other Cytokines
    02:15
  • Damaging Effects of the Inflammatory Response
    02:10
  • 3) Vasodilation
    02:39

Fever

  • Fever
    03:57

Introduction to the Complement System

  • Map of the Lesson on the Complement System
    03:25
  • Introduction to the Complement System
    04:25
  • Proteins of the Complement System
    04:16

Activation Pathways of the Complement System

  • 2) Lectin Pathway
    03:04
  • 1) Alternative Pathway
    04:40
  • 3) Classical Pathway
    03:42

Effects of the Complement System

  • 1) Opsonization
    04:09
  • 2) Cell Lysis of Invading Microbes
    03:18
  • Effects of the Complement System
    01:32

Review of the Complement System

  • Review of the Complement System
    05:15

Interferon Response

  • Interferon Response
    01:32
  • Steps of the Interferon Response
    09:59

Introduction to Adaptive Immunity

  • Overview of Adaptive Immunity
    04:57
  • Primary vs. Secondary Lymphoid Organs
    04:58
  • Introduction to Adaptive Immunity
    05:47

Cell Communication: Cytokines

  • Cytokines
    02:59
  • Types of Cytokines
    06:08
  • Types of Interleukins
    02:14

Antigens

  • Free Antigens vs. Presented Antigens on APCs
    04:11
  • Antigens
    03:59

Antibodies

  • Antibody Structure
    05:40
  • Antibody Diversity
    02:34
  • Antibodies
    00:48

Classes of Antibodies

  • IgE
    02:45
  • IgA
    02:44
  • Classes of Antibodies
    04:43

Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen

  • Outcomes of Antibody Binding to Antigen
    09:16

Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules

  • Classes of MHC Molecules
    07:17
  • Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules
    02:31

T Dependent & T Independent Antigens

  • B Cell Activation by T Dependent Antigens
    05:09
  • T Dependent & T Independent Antigens
    02:08
  • B Cell Activation by T Independent Antigens
    03:11

Introduction to T Lymphocytes

  • Cytotoxic T Cells vs. Helper T Cells
    05:58
  • T-Cell Receptors
    05:18
  • Naive T Cells Become Effector & Memory T Cells
    07:56

Review of Cytotoxic vs Helper T Cells

  • Review of Cytotoxic vs Helper T Cells
    04:27
  • Comic Strip for T Cell Functions
    02:58

Introduction to B Lymphocytes

  • B cell Receptors
    04:37
  • Naive B cells Become Effector (Plasma) Cells & Memory Cells
    04:23
  • Introduction to B Lymphocytes
    03:55

Clonal Selection

  • Clonal Selection
    06:43

Affinity Maturation

  • Affinity Maturation
    07:27

Activation of T Lymphocytes

  • Activation of T Lymphocytes
    07:33
  • Comic Strip for T Cell Activation
    03:29

Functions of T Lymphocytes

  • Functions of Helper T Cells (TH):Activation of Macrophages
    05:18
  • Types of Helper T Cells (TH)
    03:19
  • Functions of Cytotoxic T Cells (Tc)
    06:21

Regulatory T Cells

  • Regulatory T Cells
    03:53

Natural Killer Cells

  • Natural Killer Cells
    06:53

Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity

  • Primary and Secondary Response of Adaptive Immunity
    06:59

Review of Adaptive Immunity

  • Review of Adaptive Immunity
    09:20

Types of Acquired Immunity

  • Types of Acquired Immunity: Natural vs. Artificial
    02:31
  • 4 Types of Acquired Immunity
    03:52
  • Types of Acquired Immunity: Active vs. Passive
    02:21

Introduction to Vaccines

  • History of Vaccines
    04:19
  • 2 Types of Vaccines
    02:03

Attenuated Vaccines

  • Attenuated Vaccines
    03:06

Inactivated Vaccines

  • Inactivated Vaccines Example 1
    02:12
  • Inactivated Vaccines Example 2
    01:23
  • Review of Attenuated & Inactivated Vaccines
    03:40

Immunotherapy: Monoclonal Antibodies

  • Large-Scale Production on Monoclonal Antibodies
    03:04
  • Immunotherapy: Monoclonal Antibodies Example 1
    02:23
  • Immunotherapy: Monoclonal Antibodies
    02:28

Immunoassay: Fluorescent Antibody Tests

  • Introduction to Immunassays
    01:31
  • Direct vs. Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Tests
    03:51
  • Immunoassay: Fluorescent Antibody Tests
    02:09

Immunoassay: ELISA

  • Indirect ELISA
    02:50
  • Immunoassay: ELISA
    04:29
  • Direct ELISA (via "Sandwich" Method)
    03:56

Immunoassay: Western Blotting

  • Immunoassay: Western Blotting
    03:57

Introduction to Hypersensitivites

  • Overview: Hypersensitivities & Sensitization
    05:35
  • Introduction to Immunological Disorders
    02:03

Type I Hypersensitivities

  • Diagnosing & Treating Allergies
    04:31
  • Type I Hypersensitivities Example 3
    02:23
  • Type I Hypersensitivities Example 2
    01:52

Type IV Hypersensitivities

  • Type IV Hypersensitivity
    04:10
  • Type IV Hypersensitivities Example 1
    01:53
  • 1) Contact Dermatitis
    03:47

Reviewing the 4 Types of Hypersensitivities

  • Reviewing the 4 Types of Hypersensitivities
    06:03
  • Reviewing the 4 Types of Hypersensitivities Example 1
    02:15

Autoimmune Diseases

  • Examples of Autoimmune Diseases
    03:36
  • Autoimmune Diseases
    03:40
  • Factors Contributing to Autoimmune Diseases
    03:09

Immunodeficiency Disorders

  • Secondary Immunodeficiencies
    02:41
  • Immunodeficiency Disorders Example 1
    02:05
  • Immunodeficiency Disorders
    03:13

Introduction to Antimicrobial Drugs

  • 가이드 코스
    History of Antimicrobial Drugs
    05:33

Broad vs Narrow Spectrum Drugs

  • 가이드 코스
    Broad vs Narrow Spectrum
    04:05

How Antimicrobial Drugs Work

  • 가이드 코스
    Selective Toxicity
    05:27
  • 가이드 코스
    How Antimicrobial Drugs Work Example 1
    03:28

Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin

  • 가이드 코스
    Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin Example 3
    04:02
  • 가이드 코스
    Other Beta-lactam Antibiotics
    04:51
  • Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis: Beta-lactam & Penicillin Example 2
    02:21

Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis

  • 가이드 코스
    Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis
    05:25
  • 가이드 코스
    Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis Example 1
    03:04

Disruptors of Cell Membranes

  • 가이드 코스
    Disruptors of Cell Membranes
    04:03

Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis

  • 가이드 코스
    Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis Example 1
    02:21
  • 가이드 코스
    Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis
    05:01

Competitive Inhibitors of Metabolic Pathways

  • 가이드 코스
    Competitive Inhibitors of Metabolic Pathways Example 1
    02:36
  • 가이드 코스
    Sulfa Drugs & Folic Acid Synthesis
    05:22

Antifungal Drugs

  • 가이드 코스
    Antifungal Drugs
    06:43
  • 가이드 코스
    Antifungal Drugs Example 1
    02:06

Antiviral Drugs

  • 가이드 코스
    Antiviral Drugs
    07:25

Tests to Guide Antimicrobial Use

  • 가이드 코스
    Tests to Guide Antimicrobial Use Example 1
    04:17
  • 가이드 코스
    Disk Diffusion Methods Including Kirby-Bauer Test
    06:04
  • 가이드 코스
    Broth Dilution Test
    04:53

Antimicrobial Resistance

  • 가이드 코스
    Types of Resistance Mechanisms
    05:04
  • 가이드 코스
    Spread of Antibiotic Resistance
    04:45
  • 가이드 코스
    Antibiotic Resistance
    03:45

Therapeutic Window & Therapeutic Index

  • 가이드 코스
    Therapeutic Window & Therapeutic Index
    04:08

Drug Interactions: Synergism and Antagonism

  • 가이드 코스
    Drug Synergism & Antagonism
    03:06
  • 가이드 코스
    Drug Interactions: Synergism and Antagonism Example 1
    03:17