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Comprehensive Study Notes: Cell Structure, Function, and Genetics in Microbiology

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Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

  • Recap:Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells
    04:26
  • Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
    05:54
  • Features of Bacterial Cells
    03:54

Bacterial Cell Morphology & Arrangements

  • Types of Bacterial Cell Morphology
    02:44
  • Bacterial Cell Morphology & Arrangements
    01:13
  • Bacilli Bacterial Cell Arrangements
    03:56

Introduction to Bacterial Cell Walls

  • Peptidoglycan
    01:58
  • Types of Bacterial Cell Walls
    02:44
  • Peptidoglycan Structure
    04:44

Gram-Positive Cell Walls

  • Teichoic Acids
    03:58
  • Gram-Positive Cell Walls
    02:59

Gram-Negative Cell Walls

  • Gram-Negative Cell Walls
    3:04
  • Porins
    02:18
  • The Outer Membrane
    02:15

Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Cell Walls

  • Mnemonic for Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Cell Walls
    01:41
  • Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Cell Walls
    04:46

The Glycocalyx: Capsules & Slime Layers

  • The Glycocalyx: Capsules & Slime Layers
    02:26
  • Capsules vs. Slime Layers
    01:53

Introduction to Biofilms

  • Introduction to Biofilms
    03:31

Pili

  • Sex Pilus
    03:29
  • Cell Motility by Pili
    02:59
  • Pili
    01:02

Fimbriae & Hami

  • Fimbriae & Hami
    01:52
  • Hami
    01:51

Introduction to Prokaryotic Flagella

  • Types of Flagellar Distribution on Bacteria
    05:22
  • Introduction to Prokaryotic Flagella
    02:07

Prokaryotic Flagellar Structure

  • Structure of Gram-Positive Basal Body
    02:28
  • Prokaryotic Flagellar Structure
    02:53
  • Gram-Negative vs. Gram-Positive Basal Body Structure
    01:59

Prokaryotic Flagellar Movement

  • Prokaryotic Flagellar Movement
    02:43
  • Runs and Tumbles
    03:17

Proton Motive Force Drives Flagellar Motility

  • Proton Motive Force Drives Flagellar Motility
    04:17

Chemotaxis

  • Cell Motility During Chemotaxis
    05:11
  • Chemotaxis
    03:21

Review of Prokaryotic Surface Structures

  • Review of Prokaryotic Surface Structures
    03:52
  • Types of Cell Motility
    02:13

Prokaryotic Ribosomes

  • Prokaryotic Ribosomes
    01:51
  • Structure of Prokaryotic Ribosomes
    08:39

Introduction to Bacterial Plasmids

  • Episomes
    01:47
  • Introduction to Bacterial Plasmids
    02:52

Cell Inclusions

  • Cell Inclusions
    05:20

Endospores

  • Endospores
    05:35
  • Endospore Structure
    03:08

Sporulation

  • Sporulation
    04:08

Germination

  • Germination
    02:59

Mitosis & Meiosis

  • Meiosis
    05:17
  • Mitosis
    03:58
  • How to Remember the Order of the Phases of Mitosis
    02:27

Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles

  • Introduction to Eukaryotic Organelles
    03:45
  • Eukaryotic Ribosomes
    05:51
  • Map of the Lesson on Eukaryotic Organelles
    02:04

Endomembrane System: Protein Secretion

  • Golgi Apparatus
    06:02
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum
    06:07
  • Nucleus
    06:32

Endomembrane System: Digestive Organelles

  • Central Vacuole
    03:35
  • Lysosome & Peroxisome
    05:38

Mitochondria & Chloroplasts

  • Chloroplasts
    03:16
  • Chloroplast Structure
    03:49
  • Mitochondria Structure
    04:45

Endosymbiotic Theory

  • Endosymbiotic Theory
    07:29

Introduction to the Cytoskeleton

  • Introduction to the Cytoskeleton
    06:05

Eukaryotic Cilia & Flagella

  • Eukaryotic Cilia & Flagella Motility
    01:59
  • Eukaryotic Cilia & Flagella
    02:36

Introduction to Membrane Transport

  • Map of the Lesson on Membrane Transport
    02:26
  • Introduction to Membrane Transport
    03:00
  • Which Molecules Freely Cross Membranes?
    05:31

Concentration Gradients and Diffusion

  • Diffusion
    02:44
  • Concentration Gradients and Diffusion
    04:51

Passive vs. Active Transport

  • Classes of Membrane Transport Proteins
    03:41
  • Passive vs. Active Transport
    05:05

Osmosis

  • Osmosis Example 1
    02:18
  • Osmosis
    05:59
  • Direction of Osmosis
    06:48

Simple and Facilitated Diffusion

  • Simple and Facilitated Diffusion
    04:59
  • Transport Proteins of Facilitated Diffusion
    04:49

Active Transport

  • Secondary Active Transport
    06:57
  • Active Transport
    02:37
  • Primary Active Transport
    02:53

ABC Transporters

  • ABC Transporters Provide Multidrug Resistance
    06:20

Group Translocation

  • Group Translocation
    03:37

Endocytosis and Exocytosis

  • Endocytosis and Exocytosis Example 1
    01:52
  • Endocytosis Allows Entry to the Cell
    04:17
  • Exocytosis Allows Exiting from the Cell
    02:28

Enzymes

  • Functions of Enzymes
    02:32
  • Enzymes Example 1
    02:25
  • Enzymes
    02:55

Introduction to Energy

  • Thermodynamics: System vs. Surroundings
    04:21
  • Introduction to Energy
    04:58

ATP

  • Energy Coupling
    04:57
  • ATP
    06:44
  • Phosphorylation
    03:00

Introduction to Metabolism

  • Introduction to Metabolism
    02:17
  • Catabolic & Anabolic Pathways
    03:25

Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration

  • Stages of Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    02:32
  • Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration
    03:38
  • Introduction to Aerobic Cellular Respiration Example 2
    01:53

Glycolysis

  • Phases of Glycolysis
    05:57
  • Glycolysis Example 1
    01:29
  • Remembering Phases of Glycolysis
    02:49

Krebs Cycle

  • Krebs Cycle Example 1
    01:20
  • Krebs Cycle
    01:37
  • Phases of The Krebs Cycle
    09:54

Electron Transport Chain

  • Remembering the ETC
    04:43
  • Electron Transport Chain in Prokaryotes
    02:49
  • Electron Transport Chain
    07:41

Fermentation & Anaerobic Respiration

  • Lactic Acid Fermentation
    03:33
  • What Happens to Aerobic Organisms if There's No Oxygen?
    07:50
  • Alcohol Fermentation
    01:59

Introduction to Photosynthesis

  • Introduction to Photosynthesis
    03:32
  • Photosynthesis is a Redox Reaction
    03:20
  • Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration
    07:55

Light Reactions of Photosynthesis

  • Light Reactions of Photosynthesis Example 1
    01:48
  • Light Reactions of Photosynthesis
    04:06
  • Steps of the Light Reactions
    14:56

Cyclic vs. Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation

  • Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation
    03:57
  • Cyclic Photophosphorylation
    04:36
  • Cyclic vs. Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation
    02:06

Calvin Cycle

  • Calvin Cycle
    03:42
  • 3 Phases of the Calvin Cycle (C3 Pathway)
    11:14

Prokaryotic Photosynthesis

  • Prokaryotic Photosynthesis
    02:42
  • Oxygenic vs. Anoxygenic Photosynthesis
    05:23

Central Dogma

  • Central Dogma
    05:45

Introduction to Transcription

  • Overview of Transcription
    07:44
  • Introduction to Transcription
    05:51

Steps of Transcription

  • Elongation of Transcription
    02:44
  • Initiation of Transcription
    04:16
  • Elongation of Transcription
    04:01

Introduction to Types of RNA

  • Introduction to Types of RNA
    07:20

Introduction to Translation

  • Ribosomal tRNA Binding Sites
    06:16
  • Ribosome Subunits
    08:42
  • Introduction to Translation
    06:12

Steps of Translation

  • Elongation of Translation
    04:59
  • Termination of Translation
    02:16
  • Steps of Translation
    05:03

Introduction to DNA Replication

  • Unwinding the DNA:Topoisomerase, Helicase & SSBs
    05:10
  • Components of DNA Replication
    04:47
  • Origin of Replication
    03:33

DNA Polymerases

  • DNA Polymerase Distinguishes Template from New Strand via Methylation
    03:47
  • DNA Polymerases Requirements
    05:03
  • DNA Polymerases
    04:01

Leading & Lagging DNA Strands

  • Leading & Lagging DNA Strands
    05:15

Steps of DNA Replication

  • Steps of DNA Replication
    09:29

Introduction to Microbial Genetics

  • Map of the Lesson on Microbial Genetics
    02:04
  • Introduction to Microbial Genetics
    04:20

Introduction to Mutations

  • Spontaneous vs. Induced Mutations
    02:47
  • Introduction to Mutations
    00:37
  • Types of Mutations
    08:44

Methods of Inducing Mutations

  • Chemical Mutagens
    05:13
  • Radiation Mutagens
    02:55
  • Methods of Inducing Mutations
    03:19

Mutant Detection

  • Mutant Detection
    06:49
  • Replica Plating
    05:36

Introduction to DNA Repair

  • Introduction to DNA Repair
    02:47

DNA Repair Mechanisms

  • Nucleotide Excision Repair
    03:31
  • SOS Repair System
    03:50
  • Photoreactivation
    02:29

Horizontal Gene Transfer

  • Fates of Horizontally Transferred DNA
    03:13
  • Horizontal Gene Transfer
    04:42
  • Integration of DNA via Homologous Recombination
    02:52

Bacterial Transformation

  • Bacterial Transformation
    03:06
  • Mechanism of Natural Transformation
    03:49

Transduction

  • Generalized Transduction
    04:24
  • Transduction
    06:49
  • Specialized Transduction
    06:34

Introduction to Conjugation

  • Introduction to Conjugation
    04:21

Conjugation: F Plasmids

  • F Plasmids
    05:57
  • Mechanism of F Plasmid Conjugation in E. coli
    04:12

Conjugation: Hfr & F' Cells

  • F’ Cell Conjugation
    04:31
  • Hfr Cell Conjugation
    09:41