Question 1

Which of the following pieces of evidence best supports the endosymbiotic theory for the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

Both organelles have 70S ribosomes and replicate via binary fission, similar to prokaryotes.

Question 2

A scientist discovers a eukaryotic cell with a high concentration of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Which function is this cell most likely specialized for?

Accepted Answer

Steroid hormone production

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a component of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions

Question 4

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plate?

Accepted Answer

Metaphase

Question 5

Which of the following correctly describes the sequence of events in mitosis?

Accepted Answer

Prophase - prometaphase - metaphase - anaphase – telophase

Question 6

In meiosis, what is the result of Meiosis I?

Accepted Answer

Two haploid cells

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT part of the eukaryotic endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 8

Which of the following is a function of the nucleolus?

Accepted Answer

Assembling ribosomes and ribosomal RNA

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the 9 + 2 arrangement in eukaryotic cilia and flagella?

Accepted Answer

Nine pairs of microtubules surrounding two central microtubules

Question 10

Which of the following is the most common pathway for a newly synthesized protein to be secreted from a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Rough ER → Golgi → Transport vesicle → Cell membrane

Question 11

Which process is highly associated with mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding exocytosis?

Accepted Answer

It forms intracellular vesicles from inward folding of the plasma membrane.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a product of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide

Question 14

Which of the following statements about pinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Pinocytosis is nonselective, receptor-mediated endocytosis offers more selectivity.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Question 16

Which of the following is true regarding the difference between cilia and flagella?

Accepted Answer

Cilia are shorter and more numerous, moving with an oar-like motion; flagella are longer and move with a whip-like motion.

Question 17

Which of the following is made of repeating subunits of actin proteins?

Accepted Answer

Microfilaments

Question 18

Which of the following organelles is responsible for synthesizing ATP through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 19

Thylakoids, DNA, and ribosomes are all components found in which organelle?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplasts

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

It modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Introduction to Eukaryotic Cells: Structure, Function, and Evolution

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