The addition of a ----CH₃ to a cytosine nucleotide after DNA replication is called: .
a. Methylation
b. Restriction
c. Transcription
d. Transversion

검증된 단계별 안내

Understand the question: It asks for the name of the process where a specific chemical group is added to a cytosine nucleotide after DNA replication.

Recall that the addition of a methyl group (–CH3) to cytosine bases in DNA is a common epigenetic modification.

This process is known as methylation, which typically occurs at cytosine residues in CpG dinucleotides and can affect gene expression without changing the DNA sequence.

Review the other options: restriction refers to cutting DNA by restriction enzymes, transcription is the synthesis of RNA from DNA, and transversion is a type of point mutation where a purine is replaced by a pyrimidine or vice versa.

Conclude that the correct term for adding a chemical group to cytosine after DNA replication is methylation.

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주요 개념

질문에 올바르게 답하기 위해 반드시 이해해야 하는 핵심 개념들은 다음과 같습니다.

DNA Methylation

DNA methylation is the addition of a methyl group (–CH3) to a cytosine nucleotide, typically at CpG sites, after DNA replication. This epigenetic modification can regulate gene expression without changing the DNA sequence and plays a role in processes like gene silencing and genomic imprinting.

Restriction

Restriction refers to the cutting of DNA at specific sequences by restriction enzymes (restriction endonucleases). It is a natural bacterial defense mechanism against viruses and is widely used in molecular biology for DNA manipulation, but it does not involve modification of cytosine nucleotides.

Transversion Mutation

A transversion is a type of point mutation where a purine base is replaced by a pyrimidine base or vice versa (e.g., cytosine replaced by adenine). It changes the DNA sequence but is unrelated to chemical modifications like methylation.

The addition of a ----CH3 to a cytosine nucleotide after DNA replication is called: .a. Methylationb. Restrictionc. Transcriptiond. Transversion