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문제 1
Phagocytes of the epidermis are called:
a. Microglia
b. Goblet cells
c. Alveolar macrophages
d. Dendritic cells
문제 2
Mucus-secreting membranes are found in:
a. The urinary system
b. The digestive cavity
c. The respiratory passages
d. All of the above
문제 3
The complement system involves:
a. The production of antigens and antibodies
b. Serum proteins involved in nonspecific defense
c. A set of genes that distinguish foreign cells from body cells
d. The elimination of undigested remnants of microorganisms
문제 4
The alternative complement activation pathway involves:
a. Factors B, D, and P
b. The cleavage of C5 to form C9
c. Binding to mannose sugar
d. Recognition of antigens bound to specific antibodies
문제 5
Which of the complement fragments is inflammatory?
a. C3a
b. C4a
c. C5a
d. All of the above
문제 6
The type of interferon present late in an infection is:
a. Alpha interferon
b. Beta interferon
c. Gamma interferon
d. Delta interferon
문제 7
Interferons ____________.
a. Do not protect the cell that secretes them
b. Stimulate the activity of macrophages
c. Cause muscle aches, chills, and fever
d. All of the above
문제 8
Which of the following is not targeted by a Toll-like receptor?
a. Lipid A
b. Eukaryotic flagellar protein
c. Single-stranded RNA
d. Lipoteichoic acid
문제 9
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) act to:
a. Bind microbial proteins and polysaccharides
b. Induce phagocytosis
c. Cause phagocytic chemotaxis
d. Destroy microbial cells
문제 10
Which of the following binds iron?
a. Lactoferrin
b. Siderophores
c. Transferrin
d. All of the above
문제 1
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ The surface cells of the epidermis of the skin are alive.
문제 2
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ The surface cells of mucous membranes are alive.
문제 3
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ Wandering macrophages experience diapedesis.
문제 4
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ Monocytes are immature macrophages.
문제 5
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ Lymphocytes are large agranulocytes.
문제 6
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ Phagocytes exhibit chemotaxis toward a pathogen.
문제 7
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ In phagocytosis, adhesion involves the binding between complementary chemicals on a phagocyte and on the membrane of a body cell.
문제 8
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ Opsonization occurs when a phagocyte’s pseudopods surround a microbe and fuse to form a sac.
문제 9
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ Lysosomes fuse with phagosomes to form peroxisomes.
문제 10
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ A membrane attack complex drills circular holes in a macrophage.
문제 11
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ Rubor, calor, swelling, and dolor are associated with fever.
문제 12
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ Acute and chronic inflammation exhibit similar signs and symptoms.
문제 13
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ The hypothalamus of the brain controls body temperature.
문제 14
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ Defensins are phagocytic parts of the first line of defense.
문제 15
Indicate which statements are true. Correct all false statements by changing the underlined words.
__________ NETs are webs produced by neutrophils to trap microbes.
문제 1a
Which line of defense first applies to each term?
1. ___ Inflammation
2. ___ Monocytes
3. ___ Lactoferrin
4. ___ Fever
5. ___ Dendritic cells
6. ___ Alpha interferon
7. ___ Mucous membrane of the digestive tract
8. ___ Neutrophils
9. ___ Epidermis
10. ___ Lysozyme
11. ___ Goblet cells
12. ___ Phagocytes
13. ___ Sebum
14. ___ T lymphocytes
15. ___ Antimicrobial peptides
A. First line of defense
B. Second line of defense
C. Third line of defense
문제 1b
Write the letter of the description that applies to each of the following terms:
1. ___ Goblet cell
2. ___ Lysozyme
3. ___ Stem cell
4. ___ Dendritic cell
5. ___ Cell from sebaceous gland
6. ___ Bone marrow stem cell
7. ___ Eosinophil
8. ___ Alveolar macrophage
9. ___ Microglia
10. ___ Wandering macrophage
A. Leukocyte that primarily attacks parasitic worms
B. Phagocytic cell in lungs
C. Secretes sebum
D. Devours pathogens in epidermis
E. Breaks bonds in bacterial cell wall
F. Phagocytic cell in central nervous system
G. Generative cell with many types of offspring
H. Develops into formed elements of blood
I. Intercellular scavenger
J. Secretes mucus
문제 2
Identify the type of hypersensitivity reaction in each photo.
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