$$DWL = \frac{1}{2} \times (Q_{before} - Q_{after}) \times Tax$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the economic impact of a price ceiling set below the equilibrium price?

Accepted Answer

It causes a shortage and results in allocative and productive inefficiency.

Question 2

Suppose the government sets a minimum wage above the equilibrium wage. What is the most likely outcome in the labor market?

Accepted Answer

A surplus of labor and increased unemployment.

Question 3

Which formula correctly represents the marginal social cost (MSC) when a negative externality is present?

Accepted Answer

$$MSC = MPC + MEC$$

Question 4

A government wants to reduce deadweight loss from a negative externality. Which policy is most effective?

Accepted Answer

Imposing a tax equal to the marginal external cost.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of public goods?

Accepted Answer

Can be efficiently provided by private markets

Question 6

If a tax is imposed on a good, who bears the burden of the tax (tax incidence)?

Accepted Answer

Both consumers and producers, depending on the relative elasticities of supply and demand

Question 7

Which equation represents the deadweight loss (DWL) from a tax?

Accepted Answer

$$DWL = \frac{1}{2} 	imes (Q_{before} - Q_{after}) 	imes Tax$$

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates the Coase Theorem in practice?

Accepted Answer

Two parties negotiate a solution to pollution without government intervention, assuming low transaction costs.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a quasi-public good?

Accepted Answer

Public park with an entrance fee

Question 10

If the marginal social benefit (MSB) of a good exceeds the marginal social cost (MSC), what should be done to achieve allocative efficiency?

Accepted Answer

Increase production of the good.

Question 11

Which of the following is a reason for trade restrictions according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

To protect national security

Question 12

Which concept explains why health care costs are much higher in the U.S. compared to other countries?

Accepted Answer

Asymmetric information: adverse selection and moral hazard

Question 13

Suppose a city introduces tradable pollution permits. What is the expected outcome?

Accepted Answer

Pollution is reduced efficiently as firms with lower abatement costs sell permits to those with higher costs.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the 'rational ignorance effect' in politics?

Accepted Answer

Voters choose to remain uninformed because the cost of being informed outweighs the benefit.

Question 15

Which equation represents the opportunity cost of producing one more unit of good X in terms of good Y?

Accepted Answer

$$Opportunity\ Cost = \frac{\Delta Y}{\Delta X}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a likely consequence of black markets resulting from price controls?

Accepted Answer

Goods are sold at prices above the legal maximum

Question 17

If a government wants to support domestic production, which policy is generally more efficient according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Providing subsidies to domestic producers

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a positive externality?

Accepted Answer

Vaccination against infectious diseases

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the free-rider problem?

Accepted Answer

People benefit from a good without paying for it.

Question 20

Which of the following is a source of revenue for local governments according to the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Sales and property taxes

Microeconomics Exam 2 Study Guide: Key Concepts and Applications

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제