Which of the following lab abnormalities would you most expect in a patient with long-standing hypomagnesemia impairing magnesium-dependent enzymes, and why?

Elevated serum chloride as the hallmark metabolic effect because magnesium is the major extracellular anion that opposes chloride.

Marked hyperthyroidism due to increased enzymatic cleavage of T4 to T3 driven by magnesium excess.

Immediate and isolated hypercalcemia because magnesium deficiency always causes direct mobilization of bone calcium stores independent of PTH status.

Impaired glucose tolerance/insulin resistance and possible dyslipidemia because magnesium-dependent enzymes are required for carbohydrate metabolism and cellular energy homeostasis.